international principles. The wave of merger and acquisitions that currently swept through the banking sector started after the announcement by the state bank of Pakistan‚ that banks in Pakistan should beef up their minimum capital adequacy ratio should according to bank risk weighted assets or set by SBP. Mergers and Acquisitions are commonplace in developing countries of the world but are just becoming prominent in Pakistan. Merger and acquisition is simply another way of saying survival of the
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Kraft’s Acquisition of Cadbury The Kraft Foods Group Inc. (“Kraft”) operates in the food and beverage industry. Kraft is the U.S.’s #1 food company and #2 in the world (after Nestlé) in sales according to Hoover’s 2009. Their competitive advantages are: global scale [distribution around 150 countries‚ (LexisNexis‚ 2012)]; modern technology‚ equipment and R&D (“Kraft deploys SAP Tech. platform”‚ 2008); their partnerships with companies like AOL TWX‚ Rainforest Alliance‚ etc. (“Kraft Foods partners
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[Type the document title] SECTION 1: TOURIST ACCOMMODATION Accommodation Facilities As per Maldives Tourism Act Law No. 2/99‚ tourists visiting the Maldives must stay at a facility which is registered at the Ministry of Tourism‚ Arts and Culture (MOTAC) to accommodate tourists. There are four types of accommodation facilities currently available for tourists in the Maldives; namely tourist resorts‚ tourist hotels‚ tourist guest houses and safari vessels. Uninhabited islands in the
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Mergers and acquisitions (abbreviated M&A) is an aspect of corporate strategy‚ corporate finance and management dealing with the buying‚ selling‚ dividing and combining of different companies and similar entities that can help an enterprise grow rapidly in its sector or location of origin‚ or a new field or new location‚ without creating a subsidiary‚ other child entity or using a joint venture. The distinction between a "merger" and an "acquisition" has become increasingly blurred in various
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APPENDIX------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------48 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Mergers and acquisition is the most popular means of corporate restructuring or business combinations. It has played an important role in the external growth of a number of leading corporations around the world. A
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The following are the other important reasons for mergers or amalgamations: 1. Economies of scale. An amalgamation company will have more reasons at its command that the individual companies. This will help in increasing the scale of operations and the economies of large scale will be available. These economies will occur because of more intensive utilization of production facilities‚ distribution network‚ research and development facilities‚ etc. these economies will be available in horizontal
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Land Acquisition in India Mandar Buddhikot [G12026] XLRI GMP 2012-13 Some statistics of concern India occupies 2.4% of the total land area of the world India supports 16.7% of the world population. Per capita usage of land in India: 1970 Population of India (in billion) Geographical area (million ha) Agricultural Land % Per capita land availability (ha) Per capita agricultural land (ha) 0.55 328.37 46.40% 0.60 0.28 1990 0.85 328.37 46.90% 0.39 0.18 2010 1.2 328.37 46.10% 0.27 0
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Valuation of Mergers and Acquisitions SUBMITTED BY: DEBAYAN MUKHERJI PGDM ’"2008-2010 ROLL NO: 08PGDM083 INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE‚ NEW DELHI CONTACT NUMBER: 09717443910 EMAIL : debayan.p08@imi.edu Valuation of Mergers and Acquisitions Mergers and acquisitions (more generally‚ takeovers) are an important means through which companies achieve economies of scale‚ face the competition‚ or respond to economic shocks. For example ‚how the $54 billion US chemical major
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Merck Acquisition of Medco Case Study John X Devry University – Keller Graduate School of Management Finance 561 Professor May 22‚ 2011 Table of Contents Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………p.g. 3 Company backgrounds……………………………………………………….………………p.g. 3 Merck & Co.‚ Inc. ………………………………………..…………………….…....p.g. 3 Medco Containment Services Inc. ............................……..…………………………p.g. 4 Reasons for Mergers…………………………………………………………………………p.g. 5 Economies of Scale………………………………………………………………….
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As explained on the "cash to boot" page of this website‚ mergers between corporations sometimes are paid for with a combination of stock and cash‚ which provides a unique accounting challenge. The general tax rule is that you must pay capital gains tax on such a transaction‚ but only to the extent of "cash to boot" which is the amount of cash you actually received. (It’s technically called a Section 368 reorg.) In some cases‚ such as Fording Canadian and the Wyeth merger with Pfizer‚ the
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