The social construction of our everyday world According to Berger & Luckman social order is explained as a human product and an ongoing human production. It is shaped by an individual in the course of his or hers ongoing externalization. Social order is not biologically‚ given or derived from any biological data in its empirical manifestations. Social order is not provided in man ’s natural environment although the specific characteristics of this may be factors in determining the characteristics
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Realism Realists believe that reality exists independent of the human mind. The ultimate reality is the world of physical objects. The focus is on the body/objects. Truth is objective-what can be observed. Aristotle‚ a student of Plato who broke with his mentor’s idealist philosophy‚ is called the father of both Realism and the scientific method. In this metaphysical view‚ the aim is to understand objective reality through "the diligent and unsparing scrutiny of all observable data." Aristotle
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experiences. Smith‚ Flowers‚ and Larkins(2009)‚ define Phenomenology as: "A Philosophical approach to the study of experience....(that) share a particular interest in thinking about of what experience of being human is like‚ in all of its various aspects‚ but especially in terms of the things that matters to us‚ and which constitute our lived world." Qualitative Research is very much related to phenomenology in nature because like phenomenology‚ it attempts to understand individual’s lived experience
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einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie. Halle a.d.s.: Niemeyer. Husserl‚ E. 1900–21. Logical Investigations. Vol. 1 and 2. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul‚ 1970. Husserl‚ E. 1931. Cartesian Meditations. An Introduction to Phenomenology. The Hague‚ Boston‚ London: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers‚ 1982. Joas‚ H. 1985. G.H. Mead. A Contemporary Re-examination of his Thought. Cambridge: Polity Press. Joas‚ H. 1996. The Creativity of Action. Cambridge: Polity Press. Joas‚ H. 2000. The
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Schools of Thought in Psychology There are many schools of thought that developed during the early years of the twentieth century but we shall take up only the ones that greatly influenced the present-day psychology. Structuralism Edward Bradford Titchener developed structuralism based on the concepts of his mentor Wilhelm Wundt. The followers of Titchener were called structuralists because they analyzed conscious experiences into its elements‚ namely: sensation‚ images
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THE FIVE FACES OF OPPRESSION Name Institution The Five Faces of Oppression Marion Young Marion Young was a philosopher whose work spread across a number of topics. Her work remarkably spreads over five topics‚ which are feminist phenomenology‚ global justice‚ ethics and social justice‚ democratic theory and security. Her works bring out her full dedication as a philosopher. I will look into a selected few from her 18 essays(Young‚ 2003). In her works on power‚ justice and state theory‚ Young
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this flash of awareness‚ the individual perceives the object‚ sees it‚ labels it‚ and Right mindfulness and right concentration combine into a contemplative‚ meditative practice. The reason of mindfulness is "quieting and stilling the mind; creating knowledge; and developing generosity and sympathy" (Sharples‚ 2003‚ p. 27) to adapt to dukka (enduring). This parallels the concepts of Samatha (concentration) and Vipassana (insight) meditation. Therefore mindfulness‚ enriched through daily practice
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Chapter 2: Quantitative‚ Qualitative‚ and Mixed Research Answers to Review Questions 2.1. Describe the key features of quantitative and qualitative research. Just look at Table 2.1‚ which shows the key characteristics of these two approaches in their pure or extreme forms as well as the characteristics of mixed research. I will mention a few of these here. Quantitative research uses the deductive or confirmatory or “top down” scientific method; it is used primarily for description‚ explanation
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Difference Between Humanistic Geography and Positivistic Approach There are definite differences between positivism and humanistic methods that geographers use. Positivism‚ which has it’s roots in quantitative theories‚ excludes the human element and includes such fundamentals as cumulative data. Humanistic geography has it’s roots in qualitative procedures and focuses on the combination of research with the people. Positivism is a rigorous and formal way to collect and analyze data that was developed
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experience. Beck and Watson (2010) state that a successive childbirth could either aide in the healing process or have the potential to re-open old wounds and make healing harder. The research method used was Phenomenology‚ which used information from 35 women from across the globe. “In phenomenology‚ researchers ‘‘borrow’’ other individuals’ experiences to better understand the deeper meaning of the phenomenon” (Beck & Watson‚ 2010‚ p. 243). The
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