30: FERDINAND DE SAUSSURE: COURSE IN GENERAL LINGUISTICS (1913) Nature of the Linguistic Sign 1. Sign‚ Signified‚ Signifier Some people regard language‚ when reduced to its elements‚ as a naming-process only_a list of words‚ each corresponding to the thing that it names. For example: [pic] This conception is open to criticism at several points. It assumes that ready-made ideas exist before words; it does not tell us whether a name is vocal or psychological in nature
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Article on Second Language Fluency This article discusses second language fluency. How do you acquire fluency in a second language? Language acquisition learners are taught in structured English immersion classrooms. No other language is taught. In order for students to become fluent in the second language‚ which is English‚ they must speak‚ read‚ and write in English. I interviewed a coworker whose second language is English. She is fluent in Spanish. During my interview we discussed how
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Time: 2 hours Grade Level: 2 Competency Goal 1: The learner will develop and apply enabling strategies and skills to read and write. Objective 1.01: Use phonics knowledge and structural analysis (e.g.‚ knowledge of syllables‚ suffixes‚ prefixes‚ root words) to decode regular multi-syllable words when reading text. Competency Goal 2: The learner will develop and apply strategies and skills to comprehend text that is read‚ heard‚ and viewed. Objective 2.01 Read and comprehend text (fiction
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study. The first issue addressed was why third graders are having problems reading the words in a text. It was determined that some students have reading disabilities that go unidentified until third grade‚ others have not been taught any type of phonics or phonemic awareness skills to aid in reading. The second sub-question addressed why students are having problems comprehending what they are reading. It was determined that students focus so much on trying to figure out words they do not know
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know something about reading‚ writing‚ and literacy. In fact‚ our understanding of what literacy is varies widely. Jeanne Chall concluded in Learning to Read: the Great Debate (1983)‚ that children get a better start in reading if they are taught phonics because they break the code that links what they hear with what they see in print. Harvard Professor Jeanne Chall has outlined the stages of reading development that begin at preschool age and continue until university age. The stages of reading development
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avenues‚ which we will explore and discuss this week‚ along with a fact scenario. As way of background‚ let us take you through a few of the cases in the book. First‚ problem seven‚ page 211‚ Chapter 6: In 1994‚ the company which owned Hooked on Phonics‚ Gateway Educational Products‚ Inc.‚ entered into an agreed settlement with the FTC whereby they agreed not to make claims about how their product assisted young readers without proof from extensive research which supported their advertising claims
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Phonological awareness is the ability to attend explicitly to the phonological structure of spoken words. Failure to develop an adequate vocabulary‚ understanding of print concepts‚ or phonological awareness during the early (preschool) years constitutes some risks for reading difficulties. Phonological awareness skills are believed to be predictive of a child’s ease in learning to read. More than 20 percent of student’s struggle with some aspects phonological awareness‚ while 8-10 percent exhibit
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words‚ then builds the students vocabulary as it introduces new words. The program also has computer programs that test the students to see what they have learned from the books. It also includes decodable books‚ a work book‚ comprehension sheets‚ phonics flip chart‚ and lessons on the computer that teaches students the proper pronunciation of letters and words. Another program that is used by Compton Unified School District is a program name Learning Upgrade. Learning Upgrade are online courses
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Standard 3: Literacy 1. Describe your evidences: What are they? In what context were they created and/or used? The first artifact I have attached is a small group lesson plan and a performance observation conducted by my university supervisor. The small group lesson that I have attached was taught during Literacy Block in the fall of 2014. I taught this reading lesson to first graders at Woodstock Elementary to high-level readers. During this lesson‚ the students were to respond and discuss comprehension
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advances in the teaching an application of rhythm. It is based on the concept of modular phonetics. Modular refers to the interchangeability of rhythm syllables and phonetics refers to the sound of the rhythm syllables. Phonic has always been the key to the sound of the language. Without phonics the words could not be pronounced and the sound of the word could not be heard. In this approach learning takes place in the principle of “eye-ear-hand reflex” this meant‚ the eye sees it-the ear hears it-the hands
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