Mr. Dunbar AP European History Chapter 9: The Late Middle Ages Outline Chapter Overview: War‚ Plague‚ and Schism Barbara Tuchman‚ a prominent historian‚ describes the late Middle Ages as The Calamitous Fourteenth Century. Western Civilization was assaulted on several fronts including: The Black Death (1348-1352) The Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453) between France and England Schism in the Catholic Church (1378-1417) Invasions by the Turks Amidst this mayhem‚ scholars began to criticize
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split between the Avignon popes and the Vatican popes‚ and this conflict led to questions in papal authority and hostilities between the two factions‚ one supporting the Avignon popes and one supporting the Vatican popes. The Great Schism was a split in the Church between the two factions of the Avignon popes and the Italian popes. Many events lead up to the schism. One of which was the fact that there was fighting going on in Italy when Clement V was selected as the new pope‚ so instead
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Florence where he worked for and lived with the Medici family. For some time‚ Michelangelo traveled throughout Italy‚ mostly between Rome and Florence. During this time‚ he created masterpieces like the Madonna della Scala‚ Doni Tondo‚ and David. In 1508‚ Pope Julius II commissioned Michelangelo to fresco the ceiling of the Sistine
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Many conflicts between the papacy and various European monarchies centered around the separation of Church and State. As a result‚ the struggle for power between the kings and popes left a lasting effect on European society. Unlike other monarchies‚ the french kings were able to establish a good relationship with the papacy. However‚ this all changes when Boniface VIII is elected as pope.The conflict between Philip IV of France and Boniface VIII starts because of the papal bull Clericis Laicos (1296)
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Throughout history‚ kings and popes around the world have fought back and forth‚ both aiming to receive a majority of power from the people. Over the course of history‚ the Church has gone from being extremely powerful the point where famous world leaders are excommunicated by the Pope to being very powerless and unorganized to the point where the Church gets taken over by French leaders and moved to different locations. The pope is the most powerful leader amongst the people of the church. Therefore
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her parents death‚ Pope Leo X and future Pope Clement VII‚ her uncles‚ took her under their wing. When Catherine was just a baby‚ Pope Leo X gave her the title of Duchess of Urbino. Pope Leo X had an awesome idea to use Catherine as a main source in marriage for the Medici family. But when Leo X died‚ his successor Adrian took away Catherine’s title as Duchess of Urbino and gave it back to whom it belonged to before. But when Adrian died 2 years later‚ Clement VII was elected Pope and set Catherine
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history is Dante Alighieri. A prominent politician in 13th century Florence‚ Alighieri was exiled by Pope Boniface VII and the Black Guelph political party (Toynbee 98). Naturally‚ when Alighieri was exiled from his home country‚ he carried more than a few grudges and perceived slights against him. Luckily for history‚ Alighieri was not the kind of man to simply send a rude letter in the mail to Pope Boniface. He was the kind of man to write a 14‚000 line epic poem would be so groundbreaking‚ controversial
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his work from a young age and later adopted him. The Medici popes had an extraordinary idea of painting a fresco ceiling in the Sistine Chapel. They recognized Michelangelo’s powerful artwork so they asked him to do the painting. Since he was being asked by the Pope‚ he could not resist. Michelangelo thought he would fail since the last fresco painting was in the Vatican. Fresco is a mural painting freshly laid on plaster. The Medici popes also offered him to build a marble tomb for their fathers Lorenzo
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The Dark Ages in Europe‚ Asia‚ and Africa in the Fourteenth Century To begin with‚ the Dark Ages in Europe‚ Asia‚ and Africa was an era that was later named by scholars. It was a period of religious struggle where the Orthodox Christians strived to recreate a pure Christianity‚ without the “dark” Catholic ways even though the Catholics did not view this era as “dark” ("The Dark Ages"). The Catholics viewed this period as amiable and a productive religious era ("The Dark Ages"). This was also the
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The Medici Family The Medici family - controlled Florence throughout much of the Renaissance The Medici are the first princely dynasty to win their status not by warfare‚ marriage or inheritance but through commerce. They come to Florence in the 12th century from the nearby countryside. Their ancestral home is in the Mugello valley. During the next two centuries the family‚ amassing a fortune through banking and trade‚ begins also to play a prominent part in Florence’s political life. As yet
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