TITLE: Solubility and Thermodynamics PURPOSE: The purpose of the lab was to determine the thermodynamics variables of ∆H‚ ∆S‚ and ∆G for the dissolution reaction of potassium nitrate in water. The solubility of potassium nitrate in mol/L was measured over a range of various temperatures by finding out at what temperature crystallization began for solutions of different molarities. Then‚ the equilibrium constant was calculated and a graphical relationship between the natural logarithm of the
Premium Thermodynamics Entropy Energy
Abstract The effect of temperature on the solubility product constant‚ Ksp‚ of potassium hydrogen tartrate in water was investigated in the temperature range of 285K to 318K at normal atmospheric pressure. It was found that the solubility of potassium hydrogen tartrate decreases with a decrease in temperature and consequently a smaller volume of sodium hydroxide is needed to neutralize it. The molar solubility of potassium hydrogen tartrate was calculated from the volume of sodium hydroxide used. The
Premium Thermodynamics Solubility Temperature
There are hydrogen-potassium ATPase and chloride-potassium pumps in the parietal cells of the mucosa of the stomach. Stomach acid is secreted in the stomach in the form of hydrogen and chloride ions. Hydrogen is pumped into the lumen of the stomach via counter transport with potassium whereas chlorine enters in the stomach via cotransport with potassium. In this way‚ acid is secreted. This acid helps in conversion of pepsinogen into pepsin
Premium
Aim To determine the limiting reagent between the reaction of lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide. To determine the percent yield of lead (II) iodide. Date Started: 13/4/12. Finished: 19/4/12. Data collection and processing Measurements: * Amount of distilled water: 75.0ml ± 0.5ml. * Mass of watch glass: 31.65g ± 0.01g. * Mass of watch glass + potassium iodide: 32.45g ± 0.01g. * Mass of potassium iodide: 0.8g ± 0.02g. * Mass of watch glass + lead (II) nitrate: 32.66g ± 0.01g
Premium Stoichiometry Yield Molecule
what would be observed; and (ii) write an appropriate equation. (a) adding excess sodium sulphite solution to iodine solution (b) adding aqueous chlorine to potassium bromide solution (c) adding excess potassium iodide solution to acidified potassium permanganate solution 1 (d) adding excess iron(II) sulphate solution to acidified potassium dichromate solution (e) adding concentrated nitric acid to magnesium ribbons (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) 5. adding dilute nitric acid to zinc granules
Premium Oxygen Hydrogen Acetic acid
Will it Precipitate? Precipitation occurs when two aqueous (soluble solids) solutions are combined and the reaction forms an insoluble solid. When insoluble solids are formed the process is known as a precipitation. An insoluble solid is a solid that cannot dissolve unlike a soluble solid. Therefore only insoluble solids can form precipitates. In the following experiment six solutions were mixed with each other (groups of twos) in test tubes to test which reaction will result in an insoluble solid
Premium Solubility Chemistry Sodium chloride
this lab was to use gas chromatography to determine the relative amounts of the three components of gas products from the dehydration reaction of 1- and 2-Butanol with sulfuric acid and the dehydrobromination reaction of 1- and 2-Bromobutane with potassium tert-butoxide. E1 reactions are two-step unimolecular reactions. The first step of an E1 reaction occurs when a leaving group‚ which consists of a weak base‚ leaves an organic compound‚ leaving an intermediate carbocation. In the second step‚ a
Premium Alcohol Oxygen Chemistry
oxygen‚ generated by the decomposition of potassium chlorate‚ will react with the glucose in a gummy bear‚ releasing a large amount of energy quickly and dramatically. Introduction: Sugar is a fuel that we use for energy. We can also use it to fuel a chemical reaction. In this reaction‚ the sugar from the gummy bear reacts with the oxygen produced from the decomposition of potassium chlorate. Purple sparks form‚ which are a result of the potassium ion (it has nothing to do with the colour
Premium Carbon dioxide Water Energy
One student in particular‚ given the table that the professor had given them as a guideline‚ decided that he would first mix the given mixtures with potassium sulfate‚ potassium carbonate and potassium phosphate in that exact order while centrifuging the formed solutions in between mixing. If the mixture‚ when reacted with potassium sulfate‚ forms a precipitate‚ it would be confirmed to have strontium ions‚ which were just separated from the mixture after centrifugation. The ions formed are
Premium
performance. The solutions needed are standardized potassium bromate‚ standardized sodium thiosulfate‚ and starch indicator. First‚ to prepare a starch indicator‚ pulverize 1g of soluble starch and add 15mL of water to make it as a paste-like substance. Dilute it with about 500mL of boiling water‚ and continue to heat until the mixture becomes clear. Cool it to room temperature and save it into a stoppered bottle. To prepare a 0.015M KBrO3 (potassium bromate) solution‚ place about 1.5g of reagent-grade
Premium Chemistry Water Laboratory glassware