BUDGETING AND BUDGETARY CONTROL . Budget A plan quantified in monetary terms and approved prior to a defined period of time‚ usually showing planned income to be generated and for expenditure to be incurred during that period‚ to attain a given objective. The preparation of budgets is not something that can be carried out by accountants alone. It requires the participation of many managers and other personnel to ensure that the plans for the forthcoming period are translated
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The possible impact of university corruption on customers’ ethical standards Merlin Stone1 and Michael Starkey2 Correspondence: Merlin Stone‚ The Customer Framework‚ Lily Hill House‚ Lily Hill Road‚ Ascot RG12 2SJ‚ UK. E-mail:merlin.stone@thecustomerframework.com 1is Head of Research at The Customer Framework. He is author or co-author of many articles and 30 books on customer management. The UK’s Chartered Institute of Marketing listed him in 2003 as one of the world’s top 50 marketing thinkers
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CAPITAL BUDGETING PROBLEM BMW Bike is considering building a new plant. Juan Optimist‚ the company’s marketing manager‚ is an enthusiastic supporter of the new plant. Mila Pessimist‚ the company’s chief financial officer‚ is not so sure that the plant is a good idea. Currently the company purchases its skateboards from foreign manufacturers. The following figures were estimated regarding the construction of a new plant. Cost of plant 4‚000‚000 Annual cash inflows 4‚000‚000 Annual cash
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Capital budgeting is the process of evaluating a company’s potential investments and deciding which ones to accept. A company’s market value added (MVA) is the sum of all its projects’ net present values (NPVs). Basically‚ one can calculate the free cash flows (FCFs) for a project in much the same way as for a firm. When a project’s free cash flows are discounted at the appropriate risk-adjusted rate‚ the result is the project’s value. One difference between valuing a firm and a project is the
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PROLOGUE THE train swayed and rocked as it traveled through the Raccoon woods‚ the thunder of its wheels echoed by a thundering twilight sky. Bill Nyberg rifled through the Hardy file‚ his briefcase on the floor at his feet. It had been a long day‚ and the gentle rocking of the train soothed him. It was late‚ after eight‚ but the Ecliptic Express was mostly full‚ as it often was for the dinner hour. It was a company train‚ and since the renovation—Umbrella had gone to great expense to make it classically
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PowerPoint Presentation Rubric | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | Content/ Accuracy | All content throughout presentation is accurate. There are no factual errors | Most of the content is accurate but there is one piece of information that seems inaccurate | The content is generally accurate‚ but one piece of information is clearly inaccurate | Content confusing or contains more than one factual error | Sequence of info | Info is organized in a clear‚ logical way. It is easy to anticipate the next slide
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Budgets provide a means for planning the financial future and play a vital role for planning. Budgets simultaneously make managers construct and implement plans‚ contribute useful information for improved decision making‚ provide a standard to administer performance evaluation‚ and enhance organization and communication. An essential component of the budgeting system is control. Control periodically takes actual results and budgeted results and compares the two. It also allows for managers to
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The two of the budgets that are commonly used in the health care organizations are capital budget and operating budget. Capital budgets consider equipment and building acquisitions that the hospital will be using for over a year. The operating budget is part of the master budget and is the day-to-day revenues and expenditures for the facility. Reviewing these two types of budgets meet the American Organization of Nurse Examiners Competency business skills‚ in “developing and manage an annual operating
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A SURVEY OF CAPITAL BUDGETING PRACTICES IN CORPORATE INDIA Satish Verma‚ Sanjeev Gupta and Roopali Batra The present study aims to unveil the status of capital budgeting in India particularly after the advent of full-fledged globalisation and in the era of cutthroat competition‚ where companies are being exposed to various degrees of risk. For the above objective a comprehensive primary survey was conducted of 30 CFOs/CEOs of manufacturing companies in India‚ so as to find out which capital
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decisions are also called as capital budgeting decisions. Most firms carefully analyze the potential projects in which they may invest. The process of evaluating the investment opportunities is referred to as capital budgeting and the final list of approved projects is referred to as the capital budget. There are many definitions as pronounced by various financial analysts as far as capital budgeting is concerned: According to Western and Brigham: "Capital budgeting involves the entire process of planning
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