An Alternative Retail Pricing Policy for Petroleum Products: A Case Study of Gasoline and High Speed Diesel in Thailand Thiraphong Vikitset School of Development Economics National Institute of Development Administration 118 Seri Thai Road‚ Bangkapi District‚ Bangkok 10240‚ Thailand E-mail: thiraphongv@yahoo.com. 2 Abstract This article examines the retail pricing policy of gasoline and high speed diesel in Thailand. The pricing policy of these two products is characterized by cross price
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Marketing strategy is defined by David Aaker as a process that can allow an organization to concentrate its resources on the optimal opportunities with the goals of increasing sales and achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. Marketing strategy includes all basic and long-term activities in the field of marketing that deal with the analysis of the strategic initial situation of a company and the formulation‚ evaluation and selection of market-oriented strategies and therefore contribute to
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Introduction Capital asset pricing has always been an active area in the finance literature. Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is one of the economic models used to determine the market price for risk and the appropriate measure of risk for a single asset. The CAPM shows that the equilibrium rates of return on all risky assets are function of their covariance with the market portfolio. This theory helps us understand why expected returns change through time. Furthermore‚ this model is developed
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com/locate/jairtraman Pricing strategies of low-cost airlines: The Ryanair case study Paolo Malighetti a‚ *‚ Stefano Paleari a‚ Renato Redondi b a b Department of Economics and Technology Management‚ University of Bergamo– Universoft‚ Viale Marconi 5‚ Dalmine 24044‚ Italy Department of Mechanical Engineering‚ University of Brescia – Universoft‚ Via Branze‚ 38 – 25123 Brescia‚ Italy a b s t r a c t Keywords: Dynamic pricing Low-cost Ryanair Fares We analyse the pricing policy adopted by Ryanair
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Questions 1. Ethical Standards a. Can a multinational firm adopt varying ethical standards [such as with regard to product safety (Pinto)‚ employee benefits (Nike) and “kickbacks” to win business (Siemens)] in its global operations? Why or Why Not? Discuss in depth based on the goals of multinational corporations? (Be sure to identify the merits and demerits for both options). (Read: Class notes and discussions) - A multinational corporation (MNC) is a business firm incorporated in one
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taken the place of strategy. As managers push to improve on all fronts‚ they move further away from viable competitive positions. Michael Porter argues that operational effectiveness‚ although necessary to superior performance‚ is not sufficient‚ because its techniques are easy to imitate. In contrast‚ the essence of strategy is choosing a unique and valuable position rooted in systems of activities that are much more difficult to match. In answering the question ‘what is strategy?’‚ some theorists
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case study illustrate the development process of a world-wide famous wine company—BRL Hardy. As a consolidated company from BRL Company and Hardy Company the evolution of BRL Hardy endured many obstacles in terms of different culture‚ organization‚ strategy‚ human resource management and so forth. However a real growth can be seen in the development of BRL Hardy and the debate between headquarters from BRL and Hardy is good for company to some extent as Steve Millar put that with 70% growth‚ we could
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1 – What has been Southwest’s traditional pricing strategy? Why has this pricing strategy been so successful throughout the airline’s first three decades? Southwest’s traditional pricing strategy has been the choice of buying cheap airplane tickets for just basic transportation services‚ without any extra service‚ such as meals. Even though there is many people that buy expensive tickets just to have all the comfort that others airlines offer‚ Southwest decided to do the opposite and selling just
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Title: Pioneers in the Mobile Phone Industry: An Investigation of Apple’s Innovative Strategies and Current Business Model Abstract This paper tries to analyse Apple’s marketing strategy in recent years and the reasons why it has overshadowed its competitors focusing on four marketing strategies such as product strategy‚ pricing strategy‚ promotion strategy and distribution strategy‚ offering comparison between Apple and some main competitors (Samsung‚ Blackberry and Motorola) Introduction
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fluctuations in foreign exchange rates have on the pricing decisions of export marketing managers? Globalization is no longer an abstraction but a stark reality that virtually all firms‚ large and a small‚ face. Firms that want to survive in the 21st century must confront all encompassing force that pervades every aspect of business. However‚ exchange rate fluctuation is an issue that affects the decisions marketing managers make about pricing. Management faces different decision situations‚
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