A Note on Valuation Models: CCFs vs. APV vs WACC Fabrice Bienfait Table of Content Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 2 Enterprise Valuation ....................................................................................................................... 2 The Weighted Average Cost of Capital Approach ......................................................................... 2 The
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Case: Procter & Gamble: Organization 2005 1.Why did the US organizational structure shift from product grouping in the 1950s to a matrix in the 1980s? Why did the European organizational structure shift from geographic grouping in the 1950s to category management in the 1980s? Why were the two structures integrated into a global cube in the 1990s? As mentioned in the article‚ the US market is a large homogenous one‚ which is characterized by buyers with similar needs and wants
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Financial Management Agenda 1. What is the WACC and why is it important to estimate a firm’s cost of capital? Do you agree with Joanna Cohen’s WACC calculation? Why or why not? 2. If you do not agree with Cohen’s analysis‚ calculate your own WACC for Nike and justify your assumptions. 3. Calculate the costs of equity using CAPM‚ the dividend discount model‚ and the earnings capitalization ratio. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each method? 4. What should Kimi Ford recommend regarding
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PROCTOR & GAMBLE Yohaan Samuel H00114548 A Frenchman named Henri Fayol (1841-1925)‚ although an engineer came up with a theory. He changed the thoughts of business administration and sculpted a structure of management that is practiced even now in this day and age by a vast number of companies worldwide. This theory of his‚ now commonly known as ‘The 14 principles of management by Fayol’ is going to be applied in two mega-organisations such as Uniliver and Proctor & Gamble (P&G):
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Team Research Paper Case # 22 Procter & Gamble ’s Acquisition of Gillette Professor – Dr. Lisa Eshbach By Andrea West Inderjit Gill Rajiv Shah Company Information [pic] Procter & Gamble Co. One Procter & Gamble Plaza Cincinnati‚ OH 45202 United States Phone: 513-983-1100 Fax: 513-983-4381 http://www.pg.com [pic] Synopsis – Procter & Gamble ’s Acquisition of Gillette Where would the world be without Procter & Gamble? No Ivory soap‚ no Oil of Olay‚ no Jif peanut
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September 1993-January 1997 Van Salesman A.G.E. INTERNATIONAL- Procter & Gamble Distributor West
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Marriot Case Marriot use the Weighted Average Cost of Capital to estimate the cost of capital for the corporation as a whole and for each division‚ and the hurdle rate is updated annually.(WACC = (1-Tc) * (D/A) * R[D] + (E/A) * R[E]) Marriot’s Tax Bracket = 175.9/398.9 = 44% Division’s asset weight to the corporation: Lodging = 2777.4/4582.7 = 0.59 Contract = 1237.7/4582.7 = 0.28 Restaurant = 567.6/4582.7 = 0.13 Risk free rate is 30 years T-Bond = 8.95% (Lodging use long-term debt)
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PROBLEM STATEMENT Can Proctor and Gamble survive and prosper by reinventing existing products in environment that requires new innovations? And will P&G be able to meet their target of 50% of the market share in each segment? ANALYSIS General Environment Which of the general environment segments are most relevant to the consumer products industry? What are the main opportunities and threats affecting the company? Demographics— Proctor and Gamble is one of the largest consumer product
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0.28 0.48 0.42 Target D/D+S Target D/S Levered Beta 74% 2.85 1.62 Costs of Equity: Rf Lodging MRP 8.95% 7.43% Beta Requity 1.62 21.02% Costs of Debt: Rf Lodging 8.95% Spread Tax rate Rdebt(1-T) 1.10% 0.44 0.0563 WACCs: Lodging Target D/D+S Rdebt(1-T) S/D+S Requity WACC 74% 0.0563 26% 21.02% 9.63% Page 1 Sales Weighted Levered Beta 1.56
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Risk – Free Rate 3% + Beta Coefficient .36 Market Risk Premium 8% Cost of Equity 5.88% + Risk - Free Rate 3.% Weighted Cost of Equity 3.52% X Percentage of Total Capital Supplied by Equity 60% + Before Tax Cost of Debt 5.66% WACC 5..00% Weighted Cost of Debt 1.53% Before Tax Operating Profit in % 100% After Tax Cost of Debt 3.83% X X After Tax Operating Profit in 67.6% 40% of Total Capital Supplied by Debt 40% - Income Tax Rate 32.4% Rate of Return of
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