1. What is Organizational Citizenship? There are 4 perspectives that makes companies effective and efficient consisting of open systems‚ organizational learning‚ stakeholders and high-performance work practices. However‚ despite these perspectives‚ work-related employee behavior also has a deep influence on organizational effectiveness‚ there are certain behaviors that employees have to adopt to reach this level of effectiveness. These behaviors consist of task performance‚ counterproductive work
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creating a more vivid picture for an audience. Some forms of comparing commonly used by writers include similes and metaphors. A simile can be used to express a similarity between two words or phrases using the words like or as. Metaphors‚ on the other hand‚ work by contrast. A metaphor uses one thing described as though it were another in order to portray a vivid picture. Using metaphors and similes can help the reader gain a clear picture of the five senses - sight‚ smell‚ touch‚ taste‚ sound - while
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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR (200585) University of Western Sydney School of Management Abstract This report investigates which variables studied were strongly related to leadership and achievement career aspirations. The variables analysed were career-self efficacy‚ work orientation goals‚ and proactive personality. The variables were selected through past studies; the study was conducted from 230 participants; there were 125 males and 105 females‚ studying organisational behaviour
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Why are Senet boards found among other funerary objects? Though enjoyed by almost everyone‚ why have no written rules ever been found? The exact role of Senet will most likely remain unknown‚ but most experts agree that the game was laden with metaphors of the journey to and existence in the afterlife. Senet table Like backgammon‚ contestants aimed at getting their seven pieces off the board completely. Players threw sticks or bones — precursors to dice — to determine the
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shown a historical distrust of metaphor. English utilitarianist Jeremy Bentham portrayed legal fictions as ‘syphilis’ which runs along the veins of legal arguments‚ arguing that metaphors are not valid as a basis for reasoning in legal arguments. Justice Cardozo warned that while metaphor begins by liberating thoughts‚ they often end up by enslaving thoughts. Often a phobia of indeterminacy led to a confusion of the real with the literal‚ and mistakenly linked metaphor to falsity. Despite the prevalent
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There are four theoretical approaches of organizational behaviours which are classical‚ systems‚ human relations and contingency approaches that used in management but not certain to use just one approach in a company. It is because every company has different circumstances during various periods. But management have to understand about the main features of each approach to make the best decision. Classical Approach Firstly‚ classical approach emphasis on the planning of the work‚ the technical
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Job Satisfaction and performance are the terms which are correlated to each other. Empirical theories depict a strong negative correlation whereas picture depicted through Organisational Psychology is totally opposite‚ that is strong positive correlation. The term job satisfaction doesn’t have a proper definition because of the general disagreement between the theorist‚ scientists and researchers. Spector (1994) defines job satisfaction as how people feel about their jobs and several aspects of it;
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structure run the business as per the requirement. The main function is business function and rest are support functions. Depending on the functions department forms. The sub departments or sub functions called verticals. The pyramid structure of organisational rule applies in all departments. Department or function is headed by department heads and verticals are headed by vertical heads who reports to department heads. In organisation like telecom‚ almost all company follows same structure. Bharti
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The colonial act of drawing border lines equates to drawing lies. This essentially means that when the maps were drawn up by European explorers‚ they were taking the preexisting geography but changing up the layout. In the process‚ they created what they considered countries based on their border lines. The lines were a way for military forces and businessmen to manipulate the competitors from taking the valuable raw resources by driving them away from the parts with minerals and oil beds‚ for example
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Cultural analysis | Vietnam | Individualism | 20 | Power distance | 70 | Masculinity | 40 | Uncertainty Avoidance | 30 | Long-Term Orientation | 80 | http://www.geert-hofstede.com/ Individualism Individualism focuses on the degree to which members of a culture focus on the individual or the group. In fact‚ Vietnam is a low individualism ranking type society with a more collectivist nature which means that the individuals bear strong ties amongst themselves. Floreal Knitwear Ltd
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