In the Laboratory Investigation of Imposter Perfumes Using GC–MS W Kelly A. Mowery‚ Daniel E. Blanchard‚ Stephanie Smith‚ and Thomas A. Betts* Department of Physical Sciences‚ Kutztown University of PA‚ Kutztown‚ PA 19530; *betts@kutztown.edu Fragrances are of keen interest to most students and are the products of an enormous chemical industry (1). In 1999‚ the global market for perfumes and fragrances was valued at $19.8 billion (2)‚ with the “knockoff ” perfume industry comprising
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acid (Method B) (Fig. 1). The experiment is operationally simple‚ requiring simply manual stirring‚ filtration‚ and recrystallization‚ readily available inexpensive reagents‚ and short reaction time. Thus‚ it is ideally suited to the students. The NMR and IR spectra of the compound 2 may he used to illustrate the geminal and vicinal couplings along with the effect of the dihedral angle on the latter (Fig. 2) and the coupled vibrations of the
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spectroscopic imaging of dyslexia. Presented at Human Brain Mapping 2000. Richardson‚ A. J.‚ Cox‚ I. J.‚ Sargentoni‚ J.‚ & Puri‚ B. K. (1997). Abnormal cerebral phospholipid metabolism in dyslexia indicated by phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy. NMR In Biomedicine‚ 10(7)‚ 309-314. Robichon‚ F.‚ Bouchard‚ P.‚ Demonet‚ J.‚ & Habib‚ M. (2000). Developmental dyslexia: re-evaluation of the corpus callosum in male adults. European Neurology‚ 43(4)‚ 233-237. Robichon‚ F.‚ & Habib‚ M. (1998). Abnormal
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3371‚ 3309 C-H 2900‚ 2855 C-H stretch‚ methyl 1451 Ar C=C 1278 Acetal 1H NMR Chemical shift (δ) Multiplicity and Integration Assignment Compound B 1.6401 S‚ 3H C-CHa3 1.8602 S‚ 3H C-CHb3 5.5459 S‚ 2H C(ph)Hc 7.0352 M‚ 10H Ar-Hd Compound A: Meso-hydrobenzoin Compound B: Meso-1‚2-diphenyl-1‚2- ethanediol Discussion and Conclusion One can ascertain from the H NMR the stereoselectivity taking place in the reaction. Since there is not coupling of the Hc’s
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Introduction: For this lab‚ the main focused involved alkanes and hydrocarbons. Essentially‚ the free-radical chain of chlorination of 1-Chlorobutne. Free radical-chains occur because alkanes are chemically unreactive with most agents. However‚ the free-radical chain allows a pathway of certain functional groups like alkyl chloride or bromides. In addition‚ chlorine atoms can possibly be made from molecular chlorine under low to mild conditions with the usage of a catalytic amount of an initiator
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Introduction: This experiment focuses on carrying out a Perkin Reaction to synthesize (E) and (Z) isomers of α-phenylcinnamic acid. This was accomplished by refluxing benzaldehyde‚ phenylacetic acid‚ acetic anhydride and triethylamine as a base. The chemical equation of a Perkin Reaction can be seen below. The reaction mechanism for the synthesis of α-phenylcinnamic acid is shown below: Results: Theoretical Yield Therefore‚ phenylacetic acid is the limiting reagent. Table
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shifts the left producing more isoamyl acetate to try and balance the reaction once again. Once the product was collected‚ it was purified through means of fractional distillation. Finally to characterize the product‚ and assess its purity‚ IR and NMR spectroscopy were taken. Reaction: Reagent Data: Compound Name | Mol. Weight (g/mol) | Mass (g) | Moles | Equivalents | BP (°C) | Density (g/mL) | Global Acetic Acid | 60.05 | 4.20 | 6.99E-2 | _____ | 118°-119° | 1.049 | Isoamyl Alcohol
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of regioselectivity. Second‚ anthracene and its derivatives are highly visible under UV light. Session 2: In this lab‚ we will complete a partial conversion of 9-acetylanthracene using m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA). We will also determine by NMR‚ the regiochemistry of the reaction. B. Chemical Properties: acetyl chloride CAS #75-36-5 Appearance: colourless to light yellow liquid with a pungent and choking odour Melting point: -112 C Boiling point: 51 C Vapour density: 2.7 Vapour
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Medicinal plants constitute an important natural wealth of a country. They play a important role in providing primary health care services to rural people. They serve as therapeutic mediators as well as important raw materials for the manufacture of traditional and modern medicine. Substantial amount of foreign exchange can be earned by exporting medicinal plants to other countries. In this way indigenous medicinal plants play significant role of an economy of a country. Past century there has been
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Introduction Chemists often find a method to determine the level of “greenness” of a chemical reaction‚ or its “atom economy”. A higher atom economy is preferable because a greater amount of the reactants will be present in the product as opposed to the byproduct.1 A Suzuki reaction is classified as an organic‚ coupling reaction that includes boronic acid and a halide that are catalyzed by a palladium complex under basic conditions. Other palladium- catalyzed coupling mechanisms include the Heck
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