1.4 Formulation-related contaminations A few contaminations in a medication item or API can emerge from communications with excipients used to plan the medication item. During the time spent definition‚ a medication substance is subjected to different conditions that can prompt its debasement or different pernicious responses. For instance‚ if warmth is utilized for drying or for different reasons‚ it can encourage debasement of thermally labile medication substances. Arrangements and suspensions
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Chapter I: Background of the study: Nowadays people are focusing in herbal plants especially those who are common in the environment. One of the example is the guava plant (Psidium guajava Linn). Based on research this plant is good for healing and treating wounds and other skin infections. So in my research I wan’t to make a bathing soap out of it‚ cause I know that it is effective. People‚ researchers‚ scientists were focusing to medicinal plants. They want to prove that there are plants
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Borohydride Reduction of a Ketone Results 1. Draw a three-dimensional structure of the stereoisomer formed in the reaction. Name the compound. meso-Hydrobenzoin 2. Include other results as suggested by your data. * The attached IR and NMR spectroscopy data. * The melting point that ranges from 135.6-137.90C. Spectroscopic Analyses Data tables IR Spectroscopy Hydrobenzoin Peaks (cm-1) | Stretches | Intensity | 3332 (cm-1) | O—H stretch | Strong and broad | 3027 | C—H
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Experiment 4 Spectroscopic study of Cu(II) Complexes: Crystal Field Theory Objective: To study the effect of ligands on crystal field splitting energy ( E) Theory The color of coordination compounds of the transition elements is one of their characteristic properties. These colors are due to the absorption and subsequent emission of light in the visible part of the spectrum. Light in this region of the spectrum caused promotion of d–electrons from a lower to a higher energy level. The
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where energy is proportional to frequency ( ) E~ f Electromagnetic Radiation • Electric field- responsible for most phenomena (transmission reflection‚ refraction and absorption) • Magnetic field responsible for absorption of RF waves in NMR Wave Properties of EM Radiation • Velocity‚ c = 3.0 × 108 m/s (vacuum) • Wavelength‚ λ characterizes type of radiation‚ units of length (e.g.‚ nm for Vis and UV‚ Aº for Xray) 1 • Wavenumber υ = ‚ cm-1 λ • Frequency‚ ν = c/λ‚ measured in s–1 (Hz)
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grade benzaldehyde together in a round bottom flask in propionic acid. This solution is then refluxed for about 30 minutes and the precipitate is dried by suction filtration. This product will be analyzed and classified by UV-Vis‚ FT-IR‚ and H1 FT-NMR. Once the product is determined to be TPP‚ it will be reacted with ZnCl2 and CuCl2 separately. An excess amount of the metal chloride will be added to a round bottom flask‚ along with the TPP‚ and will be refluxed for 30 minutes in the presence of DMF
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reaction with H2O as the leaving group and Cl- and Br- as the nucleophiles. The molar amounts of Cl - and Br- are equal‚ so the better nucleophile will lead to more product. You will analyze the amounts of 1-bromobutane and 1-chlorobutane by GC and NMR. We will also examine the same reaction with 2-methyl-2-propanol‚ using a reaction carried out by the lab assistant or instructor. Consider that the nucleophiles may be influenced by interactions with the solvent. These interactions are much more
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determination of unknown #6 (2-butanol) was identified by a series of test; first taking the boiling point (94-96 C)‚ performing a solubility test‚ Beilstien test‚ Ignition test‚ and the appropriate functional group tests. An infrared spectrum and an NMR spectrum were then obtained and confirmation of the compound was proved. 2-butanol (sec-butyl alcohol) Introduction: The determination of unknowns is an important skill to organic chemist that involves choosing of appropriate tests‚ analysis/observation
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product was isolated by suction filtration using a small Buchner funnel.  Figure3: Labeled vacuum filtration  Figure 4: Carefully scraping out the crystals A small amount of sample was saved and weighed. Results:  Figure 5: NMR of the product  Discussion/Conclusion: The melting point of the recrystallized product was 73-78 degrees Celsius. This was very accurate to that of the book. In this experiment‚ methyl benzoate went through an electrophilic substitution
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<http://orgchem.colorado.edu/CCCE/frame/images/handbook.pdf>. Organic Chemistry I Laboratory Manual. Plymouth: Hayden-McNeil‚ 2012. 92. Print. [ 3 ]. "Stereospecific Reduction of Benzil with Sodium Borohydride; Determination of the Stereochemistry by NMR Spectroscopy." Web. 13 Nov. 2011. . [ 4 ]. Padias‚ Anne B. Making the Connections²: A How-To Guide for Organic Chemistry Lab Techniques. 2nd ed. Plymouth‚ MI: Hayden McNeil‚ 2011. Print. [ 5 ]. "The Organic Chemistry Laboratory Web Pages - UW Madison
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