Any strong acid will release approximately - 57 kJ/mol of energy on neutralisation with strong base. This energy release is due to the formation of water molecules from the H+ ions from the acid reacting with the OH- ions from the base. H+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l) When a weak acid is neutralised some of the energy is needed to dissociate the molecules to make the hydrogen ions available for neutralisation. The result is a value for neutralisation enthalpy lower than - 57 kJ/mol (numerically
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Nitric Acid Nitric acid is an acid many people have come across in life. One may have felt nitric acid when touching fertilizers‚ or using dyes. Nitric acid appears in substances we never thing it would be used in. In fact‚ small contents of nitric is acid is found in raindrops that fall from the sky. Nitric acid‚ or known as NHO3aq is an acid formed from reaction of ammonia and oxygen. Nitric acid is a colourless acid when it’s pure‚ or can be found yellow or red. This acid can be very corrosive
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Citric acid cycle From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation‚ search [pic] [pic] Overview of the citric acid cycle The citric acid cycle — also known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle)‚ the Krebs cycle‚ or the Szent-Györgyi-Krebs cycle‚ [1][2] — is a series of enzyme-catalysed chemical reactions‚ which is of central importance in all living cells that use oxygen as part of cellular respiration. In eukaryotic cells‚ the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion
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Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs) are fats that are required by the human body‚ but cannot be made by the body; therefore they must be obtained from external forces such as food. EFAs are the building blocks of all fats and oils and are required for both metabolic processes and for fuel. EFAs form the main component in the fats carried in our blood stream (triglycerides)‚ fats stored in our bodies and of cell membranes (phospholipids). (Erasmus‚ 1993)‚ (Wikipedia‚ Essential Fatty Acids‚ 2012) Two fundamental
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Chapter 10 ComMon Acids and Alkalis 10.1 Acids and Alkalis 1. Acids taste sour. Many fruits contain acids. 2. The three mineral acids commonly found in the laboratory are hydrochloric acid‚ sulphuric acid and nitric acid. 3. Alkalis taste bitter and feel soapy or slippery. 4. The common alkalis found in the laboratory are sodium hydroxide solution‚ potassium hydroxide solution‚ calcium hydroxide solution and ammonia solution. 10.2 Acid-Alkali Indicators 1. An acid-alkali indicator
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Copper and Zinc Composition Percentages in Pennies Introduction. The United States Mint sends copper and zinc to a fabricator‚ which creates coin-sized discs called planchets. The planchets undergo the coining press at the Mint where they are stamped as genuine United States legal tender coins. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the accuracy of the copper and zinc composition percentages in a random sampling of pennies. The penny was dissolved to make aqueous copper ions and four copper
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Experiment 4 Synthesis of Salicylic Acid Introduction Throughout history‚ botanical extracts have been used as medicines. Approximately 30% of all medicines have a plant origin. This number increases to 60% if you consider medicines that at one time were derived from plants‚ but have been synthesized in the laboratory. Salicylic acid is a white crystalline compound that can be isolated from the bark of birch trees. Since it is a valuable substance that can be isolated from nature‚ it is called
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Acid-Base Calculations The Ion-Product Constant for Water‚ Kw Water undergoes ionization to a small extent: H20(l) H+(aq) + OH–(aq) The equilibrium constant for the reaction is the ion-product constant for water Kw: (1) This is a key equation in acid-base chemistry. Note that the product of [H+] and [OH–] is a constant at a given temperature (Eq(1) value is for 25oC). Thus as the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution increases‚ the hydroxide ion concentration decreases
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1089/hum.2011.087 Review Zinc-Finger Nucleases for Somatic Gene Therapy: The Next Frontier 1 Shamim H. Rahman‚ Morgan L. Maeder‚2‚3 J. Keith Joung‚2‚3‚4 and Toni Cathomen1 Abstract Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) are a powerful tool that can be used to edit the human genome ad libitum. The technology has experienced remarkable development in the last few years with regard to both the target site specificity and the engineering platforms used to generate zinc-finger proteins. As a result‚ two
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9.1 Manufacture of Sulphuric Acid 1. State uses of sulphuric acid in daily life. - lead acid batteries in automobiles and for home use - extraction of elements from ores - manufacturing of fertilizers 2.The following shows an incomplete flow chart of the Contact process. a) b)Chemical equation A. B. C. D. 3. Briefly explain the sources of sulphuric dioxide gas in atmosphere. -Sulphur dioxide is produced mainly from the combustion of fossil fuels
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