Discussion The reaction through which 4-mrthaoxyacetophenone is converted to 4-methoxybenzoic acid is a haloform reaction. This reaction involves two distinct stages that occur in the same environment. The first stage occurs through the based-catalyzed halogenation of the ketone that forms a trihalo ketone. First‚ the bleach is transformed into chlorine and hydroxide ions through the following reaction: Then‚ the hydroxyl is able to attack the rather acidic (pKa ~ 20) α-hydrogen of the ketone
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Title: Acids‚ Bases & Buffers Objectives: 1. To understand the acid-base chemistry. 2. To prepare and evaluate a buffer system 3. To measure the buffering capacity of two types of isotonic drinks. Introduction: There are acid-forming‚ basic forming and neutral food‚ however the acid or alkaline properties of a food is unable to judge by the actual acidity of the food itself. For example‚ citrus fruits such as lemon are acidic‚ but they are alkaline-forming when we consume and digest it. Therefore
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Wang Experiment #4 Recrystallization of Pure Phthalic Acid‚ Benzoic Acid and Napthalene Introduction Recrystallization is a important method in purifying organic compounds which are solid. It is an effective method that is important to be familiar with that is essential in the industrial chemical world. This experiment will allow students to be familiarized with the technique of recrystallization by working with phtalic acid‚ benzoic acid and naphthalene from appropriate organic solvents. Experimental
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Changing the Rate of Reaction PART 1: PARTICLE SIZE Question: How does changing the particle size of marble (CaCO3) affect the rate of reaction when it is added to hydrochloric acid (HCl)? Hypothesis: If I change the particle size of marble to test how to change the rate of a chemical reaction‚ than the chemical reaction with the smallest marble particles will produce CO2 the quickest because the larger the surface area‚ the more place the hydrochloric acid will have to collide with the marble
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Acid Rain Definition: The term acid rain refers to what scientists call acid deposition. It is caused by airborne acidic pollutants and has highly destructive results. Scientists first discovered acid rain in 1852‚ when the English chemist Robert Agnus invented the term. From then until now‚ acid rain has been an issue of intense debate among scientists and policy makers. Acid rain‚ one of the most important environmental problems of all‚ cannot be seen. The invisible gases that cause acid
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The effect on the pH of Distilled water‚ Potato Solution and Commercial Buffer‚ when Hydrochloric acid (0.1 mol/L) and Sodium Hydroxide (0.1 mol/L) is added Mahima Mandava Mrs. Haist September 23rd‚ 2014 SBI4U1 Background Information: The pH is the measurement of how acidic or how basic a substance can be. The pH scale is used to measure how acidic or basic a living cell can be. The pH scale ranges from 0-14; 0-6 being acidic‚ 8-14 being basic and 7 being neutral. There are many factors
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to practice common organic laboratory techniques inside the lab to get one oriented to the basic methods of procedure that can be used for later experiments. This experiment involves the separation of benzoic acid from a more crude form‚ consisting of benzoic acid‚ methyl orange‚ a common acid/base indicator‚ and cellulose‚ a natural polymer of glucose (Huston‚ and Liu 17-24). The technique that is used to perform this separation is called extraction. Extraction is a systematic process of separating
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ABSTRACT Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) problems are the most important environmental problems in sulphide mines especially mines which contain pyrite. Oxidation of sulphides in contact with air and water produces sulphuric acid which reduces the pH of water. The result of these reactions is increase in the solubility of heavy metals and consequently pollution of water resources. The Sarcheshmeh copper mine is one of the largest porphyry copper mines in the world which is located in south-eastern Iran
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Economy - overviewzz Philippine GDP grew 7.6% in 2010‚ spurred by consumer demand‚ a rebound in exports and investments‚ and election-related spending‚ before cooling to 3.7% in 2011. The economy weathered the 2008-09 global recession better than its regional peers due to minimal exposure to troubled international securities‚ lower dependence on exports‚ relatively resilient domestic consumption‚ large remittances from four- to five-million overseas Filipino workers‚ and a growing business process
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EXPERIMENT 2 ACID DISSOCIATION CONSTANT OF AN INDICATOR DYE OBJECTIVES Using spectrophotometric method: determine the wavelengths at which the acid and base forms of the dye in aqueous medium exhibit maximum absorption; determine the molar absorptivities of the acid and base forms of the dye and estimate an unknown concentration of the dye in solution using the Beer-Lambert’s Law; and determine the acid dissociation constant of the indicator dye. THEORY The absorption or reflection of
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