PAPER Earnings management: a literature review S. Verbruggen‚ J. Christaens‚ and K. Milis HUB RESEARCH PAPER 2008/14. FEBRUARI 2008 Hogeschool – Universiteit Brussel Stormstraat 2‚ 1000 Brussel‚ Belgium T: +32 2 210 12 11 F: + 32 2 217 64 64 Earnings management: a literature review S. Verbruggen‚ Hogeschool Universiteit Brussel Prof dr. J. Christaens‚ Universiteit Gent Prof. dr. K. Milis‚ Hogeschool Universiteit Brussel Abstract Based on a literature review of major accounting journals
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON ABSENTEEISM DYNAMICS INTRODUCTION Literature reviews are acknowledged as valuable contributions to advancement of research. When done well‚ they help researchers sum up where have been and where they need to go next. They identify gaps in knowledge and suggest new directions for future research. That such endeavors are considered useful is reflected in the number published each year. Reviews of research literature are carried out for several reasons. One reason is to assess
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE (Michael S. Lane‚ Gerald L. Blakely‚ 1990): Management development programmes are increasingly being studied and evaluated‚ regarding their efficiency and effectiveness. Presents the results of a survey of 155 directors and vice-presidents of personnel and human resource management departments regarding the current status of their management development programmes. The results indicate that management development programmes do not seem to differentiate between levels of
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A review of the literature shows a general consensus that early assessment of predisposing factors of delirium and depression‚ can be managed with the provision of a basic understanding and the establishment of a supportive environment which could help to facilitate
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Literature Review If you believe everything you read‚ better not read. (Japanese Proverb) [pic] What is a literature review? A literature review is an account of what has been published on a topic in the past. Its purpose is to inform the reader what has been established about a topic and what the strengths and weaknesses are. A literature review must be defined by a guiding concept and should not be a list of all the material that you can find (Porter‚ S. 2008‚ p.49). What is
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What is a literature review? The aim of a literature review is to show your reader (your tutor) that you have read‚ and have a good grasp of‚ the main published work concerning a particular topic or question in your field. This work may be in any format‚ including online sources. It may be a separate assignment‚ or one of the introductory sections of a report‚ dissertation or thesis. In the latter cases in particular‚ the review will be guided by your research objective or by the issue or thesis
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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES Guidelines in Citing Related Literature and Studies A. Characteristics of the Materials Cited The following are the characteristics of related literature and studies that should be cited: (Repeated for emphasis) 1. The materials must be as recent as possible. This is important because of the rapid social‚ political‚ scientific‚ and technological changes. Discoveries in historical and archaeological research have also changed some historical facts
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A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW James E.Tillotson .2002‚ Fat and Getting Fatter! What Is the Food Industry’s Role?‚ Nutrition Today‚ vol. 37‚ no. 3‚ pp. 136-138 Stephen Leeder .2007‚ The obesity pandemic: a brilliant test of political capability‚ Online opinion - Australia’s e-journal of social and political debate‚ Available from: http://www.onlineopinion.com.au/print.asp?article=5929 [ Accessed: July 5 2007 ] In the public debate‚ the increasing rates of obesity have been assumed to be
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BASIC OBJECTIVE OF THE ON-THE JOB TRAINING PROGRAM 1. To provide the OJT students the opportunity to integrate theory and practice in his/her professional education‚ to encourage the exchange of contemporary thinking between the apprenticeship and the agency and the Agency Personnel. 2. To provide students the opportunity to 3. To enable the OJT students to obtain information which can be used as basis for making choices in relation to future careers‚ areas of specialization‚ and or further
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Literature Review of Health Promotions Grand Canyon University NRS 429 September 12‚ 2010 Literature Review Traditionally the United States health care system has been sickness-oriented. However‚ in the last two decades‚ a new paradigm has emerged. This new paradigm emphasizes wellness rather than sickness. As a result in this change in focus‚ health promotion is now an integral part of the nursing profession. This research paper will review current literature from
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