Answer: | the presence or absence of a membranous envelope | | Correct Answer: | the presence or absence of metabolic machinery | | No. This is a difference among viruses. 2. A microbiologist analyzes chemicals obtained from an enveloped RNA virus that infects monkeys. He finds that the viral envelope contains a protein characteristic of monkey cells. Which of the following is the most likely explanation? ( Concept 19.1) Your Answer: | Its presence is a result of the monkey’s immunological
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This process is further promoted due to the presence of an electrophile (His119) such as a proton or divalent metal ion. In the presence of metal ions‚ it coordinates to water molecules‚ causing it to become easily deprotonated. Hence‚ hydrolysis of RNA can be achieved by subjecting it to presence of protons and hydroxide ions‚ which is achieved due to the presence of His12 and His119 in RNase A. The reason why imidazole is suitable in the hydrolysis due to the well suited pHb of 7.0‚ allowing it to
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host-parasite coevolution: a nested approach based on mechanistic models. Journal of Theoretical Biology 218: 289-308. Hamilton‚ P.B.‚ W.C. Gibson‚ and J.R. Stevens. 2007. Patterns of co-evolution between trypanosomes and their hosts deduced from ribosomal RNA and protein-coding gene phylogenies. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44: 15-25. Hudson‚ P.E.‚ S.A. Corr‚ R.C. Payne-Davis‚ S.N. Clancy‚ E. Lane‚ and A.M. Wilson. 2011. Functional anatomy of the cheetah forelimb. Journal of Anatomy 218: 375-385
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the fluorescence of the Taqman® probe. Limitations: qPCR is an expensive method with high cost of equipment and cost of chemicals. The great sensitivity of this method makes is also its vulnerability‚ as the slightest error in the sample quality‚ RNA extraction or reverse transcriptation process can influence the final result. The result does not represent actual cytokine levels but only the amount of gene expression‚ as post-translational modifications of proteins are not accounted
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nucleotides into DNA molecules is d. DNA polymerase 7. The process by which the genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA is called b. transcription 8. In messenger RNA‚ each codon specifies a particular c. amino acid 9. Changes in the DNA sequence that affect genetic information are known as b. mutations 10. An expressed gene is one that b. is transcribed into RNA 11. As scientists tried to discover the nature of genes‚ what three critical gene functions had they identified?
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Biology: Concepts and Connections‚ 6e (Campbell) Chapter 4 A Tour of the Cell Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Which of the following statements about cells is true? A) All cells have cell walls. B) All cells have internal structures that move. C) All cells are attached to other cells. D) All cells are motile. E) All cells have static organelles. Answer: B Topic: Opening Essay Skill: Factual Recall 2) Light microscopes A) can
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RNA phage are used for determination of sewage contamination because : a. they infect E.coli b. there are a lot of them in sewage c. they are simple d. they have T=3 symmetry e. they replicate rapidly 31. How many proteins are encoded by a “typical” ssRNA
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daughter strands. It primes the strands for assembly. Makes RNA primer. 11. DNA polymerase I‚ takes out the RNA primers and puts DNA in its place. 12. RNA primer‚ temporary‚ replaced by DNA (Freudenrich‚ n.d.). DNA Ligase Diagram 5’ Lagging strand DNA polymerase I 3’ 3’ DNA Ligase 5’ 3’ Okazaki’s fragments Leading strand 5’ 5’ 3’ DNA Ligase The concluding stage in DNA replication is Ligase. DNA polymerase I takes away the RNA primers and exchanges them with DNA. This DNA is short Okazaki
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flow of information is depicted as: DNA --> RNA --> protein. Both DNA and RNA can be replicated (i.e. DNA is synthesized from DNA‚ and RNA from RNA). RNA can be made or transcribed from DNA. It is called transcription since the same type of "language" is used in DNA and RNA -- i.e. nucleic acids. In some cases RNA may be used to make DNA (i.e. "reverse transcription") using a particular enzyme called reverse transcriptase. Protein is synthesized from RNA by translation. It is called translation‚ because
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Structure and Roles of Nucleic Acids 1.1 illustrate the structure of RNA and DNA using simple labelled diagrams; The genetic substance found in all organisms called DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a kind of nucleic acid. Nucleic acids consist of two long polymers of simpler units‚ called nucleotides; that are composed of three (3) main units as shown below: 1) A pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA‚ ribose in RNA) 2) A nitrogenous base (a purine or pyrimidine) 3) A phosphate group
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