EXPERIMENT 2: SYNTHESIS OF ORANGE II (2-NAFTHOL ORANGE OBJECTIVE 1. To produce dye based to the coupling of diazonium. 2. To understand the characteristic of dye orange II. INTRODUCTION The first dye was introduced by William Henry Perkin on 1856. It can be produced by the coupling of diazonium sulfanilic acid with nafthol in alkaline solution.. This was the common method used to produce dye nowadays. In this experiment‚ dye produced was the orange II. Azo compound is compound that contain
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Air pollution by Chris Woodford. Last updated: September 14‚ 2014. There’s nothing quite like opening the door and breathing fresh‚ clean‚ air—but how clean is the air you’re breathing right now? Unless you’re a scientist with a chemistry lab at your fingertips‚ there’s no real way of knowing. The gases you’re sucking up through your nose could be slowly killing you: according to the World Health Organization‚ around two million people die prematurely from the effects of polluted air every
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Introduction In China‚ an increasing population and rapid economic growth as well as lax environmental oversight have increased water pollution. Therefore‚ deterioration of drinking water quality continues to be a major problem. Continuous emissions from manufacturing are the largest contributor to lowered drinking quality across the country. China’s major river systems exhibit the scope of the problem. Perhaps 70 percent of their water is so polluted that it has been deemed unsafe for human contact
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Key Questions Lesson 1 1. One argument against continuing research on the atom is that the cost continues to increase at an alarming rate‚ and the benefits seem to be declining. Whereas quantum chemistry experiments as early as 80 years ago were very cheap and yielded considerable practical results‚ now very few if any practical results are emerging‚ but the costs of experiments continues to increase. On the other hand a common argument for the continued
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are monitored to prevent harm caused to bacteria and organisms. Natural Factors that affect the concentration of a range of include: The frequency of rainfall (floods and droughts)‚ water temperature and evaporation rates. Land clearing and pollution‚ such as fertiliser usage and industrial waste are factors caused by human activity. Looking at figure 2 and 3‚ some well-known examples include increased dissolved salt concentration in the Dead Sea due to high evaporation and damaged aquatic life
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|Faculty of Engineering & Science | |Unit Code |: |UEMK1013 | |Course |: |Chemical Engineering | |Unit Title |: |Chemistry for Engineering | |Year/ Semester |: |Year 1/ Trimester 1 | |Lecturer |: |Dr. Loh Han Chern | |Session |: |201101
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UNDERSTANDING NOISE POLLUTION Most of us are very used to the sounds we hear in everyday life. Loud music‚ the television‚ people talking on their phone‚ the traffic and even pets barking in the middle of the night. All of these have become a part of the urban culture and rarely disturb us. However‚ when the sound of the television keeps you from sleeping all night or the traffic starts to give you a headache‚ it stops becoming just noise and start turning into noise pollution. For many of us‚ the
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CHEM 301 LECTURE Unit 1 0 . COORDINATION CHEMISTRY Factors t hat affect solubility: Common ion: decrease in solubility Complex ion: increase in solubility How does complex ion formation increase solubility? Consider the complex ion formation between silver and ammonia: + Ag + 2NH3 A g(NH3 )2 + Kf = 1 .5 x 10 7 where Kf i s the formation constant (always >1 ‚ formation of the complex is highly favorable) Complex ion formation increases the solubility of sol ids in water
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unfrozen fresh water is found mainly as groundwater‚ with only a small fraction present above ground or in the air. However‚ water is now being heavily polluted by nobody else but human. So what are the causes and effects of water pollution? The causes of water pollution vary. However‚ we can sum them up in to two groups: One is direct causes and the other is indirect causes. The direct causes are what are dumped directly into water bodies‚ such as raw sewage‚ household waste or chemicals. In developing
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THERMAL POLLUTION It is one of the pollution that effects on living things and the environment badly. The definition of thermal pollution is the degradation of water quality by any process that changes ambient water temperature. A common cause of thermal pollution is the use of water as a coolant by power plants and industrial manufacturers. When water used as a coolant is returned to the natural environment at a higher temperature‚ the change in temperature decreases oxygen supply‚ and affects ecosystem composition
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