Session 1: In this lab‚ we will achieve a simple Friedel-Crafts alkylation of anthracene. The choice of anthracene as an aromatic substrate stems from two considerations. First‚ there is a question of regioselectivity. Second‚ anthracene and its derivatives are highly visible under UV light. Session 2: In this lab‚ we will complete a partial conversion of 9-acetylanthracene using m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA). We will also determine by NMR‚ the regiochemistry of the reaction. B. Chemical
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An enzyme is a tertiary globular protein. The function of an enzyme is to lower the activation energy of either the creation or breaking apart of a chemical bond. By lowering the activation energy of this process‚ the reaction of bonding‚ or in this case breaking apart‚ is sped up. An enzyme breaks apart the substrate in the active site of the enzyme; this is where the magic happens. Substrate is what is being broken apart by the enzyme. In this case‚ the enzyme is catalase and the substrate is hydrogen
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Goldfish ABSTRACT The abstract is a condensed version of the entire lab report (approximately 250 words). A reader uses the abstract to quickly understand the purpose‚ methods‚ results and significance of your research without reading the entire paper. Abstracts or papers published in scholarly journals are useful to you when you are conducting library research‚ because you can quickly determine whether the research report will be relevant to your topic. The material in the abstract is written
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Abstract: Two parts of this lab were performed involving photosynthesis and cellular respiration. The first part of the lab consisted of cutting out spinach leaf disks with a straw and then putting them into syringes containing an infiltration solution and sodium bicarbonate. Then the syringes were place under the presence of light and watched as certain disks floated. This part of the lab consisted of watching photosynthesis take place. Then for the second part of the lab we tested cellular respiration
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Titration Lab Introduction The purpose of this lab is reach and be able to calculate the equivalence point when we use titration to neutralize a base with acid. The process of the lab was determining the volume of a solution needed to react with a given mass or volume of a sample is called titration. The equivalence point is when the same number of moles of acid and moles of base has been added. Phenolphthalein is used as an indicator because it will have a color change when the equivalence point
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This purpose of the lab was to observe and compare the reactivity of the elements within groups and the reactivity of the groups themselves. The elements of each group were reacted with fire‚ acid (HCl or HNO3)‚ or in deionized water. According to the observations‚ the most reactive group was the alkali metals. Since the alkali metals are in group 1‚ they only have one valence electron and can easily lose this electron. As you move towards the right of the periodic table‚ the number of electrons
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Introduction In this lab we had to design a system that would test if changing the mass‚ angle of release and length would have any effect on the period of a pendulum. Hypothesis As the length‚ mass and angle of release change‚ the period (T) will change for each one of these factors. Materials Lab stand Protractor Cardboard Fishing line Stopwatch Weights Hook for weights Tape Ruler Weighing scale Logger Pro Variables Independent Angle of release Dependent Period Length
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produce their own food. It has two stages or reactions light-dependent and light-dependent reactions. The light dependent reactions are the first stage‚ where energy from sunlight is captures in Photosystem 2 and then 1‚ the electrons generated in Photosystem 1 then moves along the electron transport chain. The moving of electrons causes a hydrogen ion gradient that is used in the final step to produce ATP‚ by the ATP Synthase. The equation for this reaction is 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6+6O2 or‚ carbon dioxide
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better understood. The overall concept of metabolism is key in any biological field and it helps ensure the survival of an organism. It does so by converting things like food that we ingest into energy via a series of somewhat complex biochemical reactions. This energy can then be used for a multitude of things including growth‚ blood circulation‚ body movement‚ etc. When this energy is used O2 consumption and CO2 production are necessary due to O2 being our terminal electron acceptor. With that being
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AP Biology Lab: Catalase (Enzymes) Abstract In this laboratory exercise‚ studies of enzyme catalase‚ which accelerates the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. The purpose was to isolate catalase from starch and measure the rate of activity under different conditions. The laboratory was also conducted in association with a second laboratory that measured the effects of an inhibitor on the enzymes. Changes in temperature and pH along with Substrate Concentration and Enzyme
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