Society Around 1300–1350 the Medieval Warm Period gave way to the Little Ice Age. The colder climate resulted in agricultural crises‚ the first of which is known as the Great Famine of 1315-1317.The demographic consequences of this famine‚ however‚ were not as severe as those of the plagues of the later century‚ the Black Death. Estimates of the death rate caused from one third to as much as sixty percent. By around 1420‚ the accumulated effect of recurring plagues and famines had reduced the population
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Russian Absolutism From the middle of the sixteenth century to the end of the eighteenth century three rulers stand out‚ remaining significantly more influential than other rulers of the period of Russian history. During the two hundred and fifty year period Russia witnessed three enlightened rulers‚ Ivan IV‚ Peter I‚ and Catherine II. Yet their enlightened dispositions were merely facades to hide ulterior motives of gaining more absolute power. They primarily sought to increase their power on
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peasants‚ townspeople transformed into something greater than what it had previously been. Eighty-five to ninety percent of society could be found in this group. Because of the Black Death‚ there was a decline in the use of the manorial system and serfdom. No longer were lords paying the serfs‚ they started giving land them land to take care of or raised their pay. Now that peasants could own land‚ they would either do farm work or transition into working in an urban society. Jobs such as shopkeepers
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Between the expansion in Northern Africa in 1415 and the sixteenth century‚ Portugal was the first empire to begin colonizing the West‚ and was vital to the settlement of the Americas. Portugal was advanced for it’s time‚ leading the globalization of the Americas. Portugal used their advanced technologies to trade‚ and to enslave many African colonies. To determine the extent of the impact Portugal had on the world‚ this paper will examine the nature of slavery‚ and how it was used for trade and
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Austria‚ Prussia‚ and Russia all were absolute nations. Prussia and Russia were known for being very powerful states‚ though Austria was was being weakened at the time because almost everyone was against the Hapsburgs. Although some of their military‚ political‚ and social factors came quite close‚ each of the states specifically used each one to contribute to their rise to Absolutism. To begin‚ Prussia was not only known for its strong military but also its political enhancement. People comment
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Peasants used to be able to move between different estates but now could not. The estates became so large they needed protection. The Zar said that the estates had to serve them just as the serfs had to serve the estates. By the end of the 1600s serfdom was changed over to slavery wehre a worker could be bought or sold. Slavery in South East Asia developed in a different way. Farm laborers owed a portion of their produce to their lord but were not owned by their
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Through the juxtaposition between dogmas and human nature‚ Marx also highlights how humans cannot credit human nature to dogmas and abstract ideas‚ like religion. Religion does not provide a stable human nature. Throughout the essay‚ he critiques classic German philosophical belief that religion shapes man. Instead‚ they are shaped by the point in history they were born in. Our relation to nature is historically specific. Human ideology‚ our belief system‚ consciousness‚ morality‚ religion‚ metaphysics
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2. John Wesley is associated with the founding of what religious sect? I chose to omit this question because I couldn’t remember with which “ism” John Wesley was associated. The correct answer is c. Methodism because in the “Impact of the Enlightenment” PowerPoint‚ a parenthetical mentions John Wesley in the description of Methodism. 6. Romanticism changed the direction of the Enlightenment by emphasizing… I answered a. skepticism which is incorrect because skepticism was more of
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The Age of Enlightenment & French/American Revolutions Enlightenment: * A philosophical movement in the 18th century characterized by the belief in the power of human reason and in the critical use of the intellect to reform society in accordance with rational principles. (Reason over tradition) William Blake * William Blake was a poet of the Romanticism movement concerned with the state of society. He challenged society and the prevailing modes of thought with his own unique and
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Emancipation of the Serfs in 1861 was the biggest social reform made by Alexander II. 80% of Russian society consisted of Serfs‚ which was seen as a threat for the Tsar as he feared a revolution coming from below‚ and so he decided to free the Serfs from Serfdom to ensure the maintenance of Russian autocracy. The ‘Tsar Liberator’ set approximately 44 million peasants free by Edict. Setting the Serfs free meant that they now no longer had to work on any Noble’s land to earn a living‚ and were allowed to move
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