(H2CO3)‚ citric acid (HC6H8O7) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4). B. Objectives At the end of this exercise‚ you must be able to: Prepare and standardize a solution of Sodium hydroxide solution Determine the acidity of the two soft drink samples using the standardized solution Perform the right titration techniques II. Materials A. Reagents Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pellets Potassium acid phthalate (HKC8H4O4) Phenolphthalein Soft drinks samples B. Apparatus 250-ml beaker 250-ml Erlenmeyer flask 100-ml
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BACK TITRATION AIM - To estimate volumetrically the amount of calcium carbonate present in the eggshell and analyzing the sources of errors to evaluate the result. Part A: Standardization of 2M NaOH(aq) Data Collection : Weight of substances Uncertainty Weight of watch glass + salt (potassium hydrogen phthalate) w1= 23.4380g ± 0.001g Weight of watch glass ( after emptying the salt)w2 = 21.5430g ± 0.001g Weight of salt (potassium hydrogen phthalate) w1 –w2= (23.4380± 0.001g) – (21
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possible to the equivalence point. In this experiment‚ the analyte was the soda ash sample and the titrant was the HCl which was standardized by a primary standard of known purity‚ the sodium carbonate. Standardization is the process in which the concentration of solution is accurately determined. A sample of sodium carbonate with 99.9% purity was dissolved in boiled water and titrated with HCl. Then‚ a sample of soda ash was dissolved in boiled water and then‚ titrated. In a this reaction of HCl
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The evolution of photography of Digital Photography Name Here Computer Operating Systems Professor Name September 2005 A brief history of digital photography Throughout history‚ man has attempted to record his exploits for whatever reason or occasion. These early attempts were simple carvings or drawings that can be found throughout the world. Contrary to what many believe‚ the concept of capturing an image as the world has come to know it is not a process that is relatively new. The
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(l) ÕI2 (aq) + 2H2O2 (aq) Iodide ions are firstly oxidised by the hydrogen peroxide‚ as shown in the above equation. The iodine that is then produced reacts immediately reacts with thiosulphate ions as follows: I2 (aq) + 2Na2S2O3 (aq) Õ 2NaI (aq) + Na2S406 (aq) As soon as all of the thiosulphate ions have reacted with the iodine‚ the excess iodine molecules react with the 2% starch solution that is present in the reaction. This can be seen as an instant change in colour‚ from
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To prepare the titrant solution‚ a liter of distilled water was heated until it boiled. After boiling the water‚ about 25 grams of sodium thiosulfate was added into the water while stirring. The solution was then allowed to cool down to room temperature with the aid of an ice bath. Once the solution temperature decreased‚ about 0.1 grams of sodium carbonate was added into the solution. When the solution was complete‚ it was transferred into a 1 liter plastic bottle. The plastic bottle was
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SOLUTION PREPARATION AND STANDARDIZATION A.G.R. SUAREZ INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGY‚ COLLEGE OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES‚ DILIMAN‚ QUEZON CITY 1101‚ PHILIPPINES DATE SUBMITTED: 5 DECEMBER 2012 DATE PERFORMED: 23 NOVEMBER 2012 INTRODUCTION All chemists must know how to prepare solutions of varying concentrations because many reactions in quantitative analysis take place in an aqueous medium. In this experiment‚ solutions were made using 2 methods. The first method used
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Neutralization Titrations: The Determination of Sodium Carbonate from Unknown Soda Ash Unknown # I. Purpose: The goal of this experiment is to determine the weight % of Na2CO3 through the preparation of NaOH and HCl standards. The molarity of the standards will be found through titration of KHP for NaOH‚ HCl vs the known NaOH‚ and the unknown Soda Ash sample vs the known HCl. II. Equations and Sample Calculations: Titration of HCl with NaOH: Complete Equation: HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq)
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EXPERIMENT V POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATION These files are in Adobe Acrobat format‚ if you are using Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer and have Adobe Acrobat Reader installed (If you do not; Acrobat Reader can be downloaded for free from Adobe) these files should open directly in your browser. INTRODUCTION Many Acid-Base titrations are difficult to accomplish using a visual indicator for one of several reasons. Perhaps the analyst is color-blind to a particular indicator color
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addition to determining both experimental and theoretical ∆H for the reactions. Procedure A. Preparation and Standardization of KMnO4 Solution: I weighed out about 2.8 grams of potassium permanganate and dissolved it in about 200 ml of distilled water. I made sure to make all of the permanganate dissolve‚ of course‚ by stirring it thoroughly. I then weighed about 2 samples of sodium oxalate (.47 and .50 g) then placed them in some 200-ml Erlenmeyer flasks‚ then and added about 50 ml of distilled
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