purpose of physical‚ mechanical‚ and biochemical barriers‚ The first line of defense against damage and infection is composed of tightly associated epithelial cells including those of the skin and the mucous membranes of the GI‚ GU‚ and respiratory tracts. The highly interconnected mucosal epithelial cell junctions prohibit the passage of microorganisms. Many infectious microorganisms are mechanically cleansed from the surface during vomiting‚ urination‚ coughing or sneezing. Additionally the
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Study guide chapter 1 Which of the following best defines anatomy?Which of the following best defines anatomy? The study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another Which of the following is not one of the subdivisions of anatomy? Renal anatomy Which of the following best demonstrates the principle of complementarity of structure and function? Bones can support and protect body organs because they contain hard mineral deposits Which of the following is the simplest
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Special Purpose Endotracheal Tubes J Michael Jaeger MD PhD and Charles G Durbin Jr MD Introduction Tracheal Tube Cuffs Techniques for Lung Separation Double-Lumen Endotracheal Tubes Endobronchial Cuffs Bronchial Blockers Endotracheal Tubes Designed for Laser Surgery Endotracheal Tubes with Additional Ports Special Tubes and Devices to Aid with Intubation Head and Neck Surgery Summary [Respir Care 1999;44(6):661– 683] Key words: endotracheal tube‚ endotracheal tube cuff‚ lung separation
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Though considered to be Gram-negative‚ the bacterium is inherently fragile due to it’s unusual envelope arrangement in which the peptidoglycan layer is found within a cytoplasmic-membrane location as opposed the typical outer-membrane location as in conventional Gram-negative bacteria. This structure with its associated fragility make it virtually impossible to manipulate in a laboratory setting and has never been successfully cultured for any length of
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6 Bones and Skeletal • Human skeleton is initially made up of cartilages and fibrous membranes as early supports – These are replaced by bone as we grow – The cartilages found in adults are in places where flexible skeletal tissue is needed Skeletal Cartilages • Contain no _______ ________ or ______‚ and consist mainly of water • Dense irregular connective tissue girdle of perichondrium (around the cartilage) contains blood vessels for nutrient delivery to cartilage – Nutrients
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Critical Care Outline Chapter 66 * Critical care nursing: specialty dealing with human responses to life-threatening problems. * Critical care units (CCUs) or ICUs: designed to meet the special needs of acutely and critically ill pt’s. * Types of critical care: system based‚ medical‚ surgical‚ trauma‚ burns‚ age specific * Rapid response team (RRTs): provide for the delivery of advanced care by specialized teams usually composed of: * A critical care nurse * A respiratory
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The Immune System: Immune System Overview 1. Name the two major functions of the immune system: • __ To destroy disease-causing organisms_____________ • _______ To detect and kill abnormal cells such as cancerous cells________________ 2. Pathogens are classified according to their size and where they are located in the body. List the five types of pathogens from largest to smallest: • _____ Parasitic worms_____ • ________Fungi________________ • _____Protozoa_____________________ • ____Bacteria______________________
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What is rectal prolapse? Rectal prolapse befalls when the upper part of the rectum shrivels itself inside out and comes out via the rectal opening. It is diagnosed most frequently in both men and women. What causes rectal prolapse? Rectal prolapse is linked with protracted straining to pass stool. It is known that the attachments of the rectum to the pelvic bones gradually gets weak and deteriorate. When these attachments are feeble‚ straining to pass stool causes the rectum to hang out and turn
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(mutations) interrupts the production of proteins that the body needs to form healthy muscle. (Article 1‚ pg.1) The nine major forms of muscular dystrophy are Myotonic‚ Duchenne‚ Becker‚ Limb-girdle‚ Facioscapulohumeral‚ Congenital‚ Oculopharyngeal‚ Distal‚ and Emery-dreifuss. (Article 2‚ pg.1-2) The appearance of Muscular Dystrophy may become evident any time from infancy to middle age or later. The form and severity of the disease are directed by the age at which it occurs. (Article 2‚ pg.2) Mutations
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measures about 12 cm in length and 9 cm in breadth. Its weight is about 300 g in an adult. The heart is enclosed in pericardium (a double- layered membranous sac). It protects the heart from mechanical injury. The space between two pericardial membranes is the pericardial space‚ which is filled with the pericardial fluid. The pericardial fluid keeps the heart moist and reduces friction between the heart wall and the surrounding tissues when the heart beats. Human heart is made of cardiac muscles
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