Kinetic Theory Objectives • Describe how the kinetic-molecular theory is used to explain how gases behave at different temperatures. (Exploration 1) • Analyze data that shows how gas particle mass affects that gas’s behavior. (Exploration 2) • Describe the Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution. (Explorations 1 and 2) Description of Activity The kinetic-molecular theory states that a collection of gas molecules’ average kinetic energy has a specific value at any given temperature
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Part B Now‚ suppose that Zak’s younger cousin‚ Greta‚ sees him sliding and takes off her shoes so that she can slide as well (assume her socks have the same coefficient of kinetic friction as Zak’s). Instead of getting a running start‚ she asks Zak to give her a push. So‚ Zak pushes her with a force of 125 \rm N over a distance of 1.00 \rm m. If her mass is 20.0 \rm kg‚ what distance d_2 does she slide after Zak’s push ends? Remember that the frictional force acts on Greta during Zak’s push and
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uniform disk of radius R = 0.25 m has a string wrapped around it‚ and a m = 3 kg weight is hanging on the string. The system of the weight and disk is released from rest. a) When the 3 kg weight is moving with a speed of 2.2 m/s‚ what is the kinetic energy of the entire system? KETOT = KEwheel+KEweight = (1/2)(I)(w2)+(1/2)(m*v2) =(0.5* v2)(m+1/2M) =0.5*(2.2^2)*(3+(.5*15)) J b) If the system started from rest‚ how far has the weight fallen?
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Mealworms and Caffeine Caffeine is the most commonly used stimulant in the United States. In North America‚ sixty to seventy five percent of caffeine consumption comes from coffee and fifteen percent to thirty percent comes from tea. It can be found in a variety of forms including: coffee‚ tea‚ chocolate‚ soft drinks. Caffeine is a part of a family of drugs known as methylxanthines.To work‚ caffeine disrupts the neurotransmitter adenosine. Caffeine is known to cause physical dependence in humans
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Metals and Halogens reactions Elements such as fluorine‚ chlorine‚ bromine‚ iodine‚ and astatine belong to Group 7‚ Halogens. At room temperature‚ fluorine is a yellow gas‚ chlorine is a pale green gas‚ bromine is a red liquid‚ and iodine is a purple solid. Astatine is a radioactive element‚ therefore it exists only in small amounts. All the halogens exist in diatomic molecules. They have high ionization energies and are the most electronegative elements. Their electron configuration ns2 np5 make
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puck of mass m initially at speed u collides head-on (without rotation) with a stationary puck of mass M. Find the velocities of both puck after the collision if: i) the collision is fully elastic ii) the collision if fully inelastic. i) momentum: kinetic energy: mu = mv+MV (+ve in direction of initial u) 1 /2 m u2 = 1/2 m v2 + 1/2 M V2 2 eqns in 2 unknowns: V = (u - v) m/M substitute in K eqn: u2 = v2 + (M/m) V2 = v2 + (M/m) (u - v)2 (m/M)2 = v2 + (u - v)2 (m/M) let ρ = (m/M) ⇒ v2 (1 + ρ) - 2ρ
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The genetic code A DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is composed of 4 different bases; adenine (A)‚ guanine (G)‚ cytosine (C) and thymine (T). Applying these 4 bases it may contain thousands of sequences within a single strand. Each of these bases makes a specific pairing with a corresponding base whereby the double helix structure is synthesised. This interaction is called base-paring and the complementary base pairs are; T pairs only with A and C only with G. Through this simple coding language‚ the
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HOW FAST ARE CHEMICAL REACTIONS? THEORY The study of reaction rates‚ how fast or how slow a reaction takes place‚ is known as chemical kinetics. The rate of chemical reactions varies greatly. Some reactions‚ such as the explosion of an atom bomb are uncontrollable. Reactions like the decay of radioactive carbon (14C) are so slow that it takes centuries to see any noticeable change. Between the two extremes are reactions that can be measured in the laboratory. There are several factors that
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Kinetic study of a Solvolysis (Sn1) Reaction Aneadra Bowles Adasia Rutledge Krystal Flakes Robert Grimes Jasmine Ross June 5‚ 2012 Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to use kinetics to study a solvolyis reaction Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is to understand the kinetics of the hydrolysis of t-butyl chloride.The kinetic order of reaction was studied under the effects of variations in temperature‚ solvent polarity‚ and structure. It is particularly observed in
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concentration of a species can affect reaction rate in the determination of rate law and rate constant. 2. To determine how temperature affects reaction rate. Introduction Chemical kinetics deals with the speed‚ or rate‚ of a reaction and the mechanism by which the reaction occurs. We can think of the rate as the number of events per unit time. The rate at which you drive (your speed) is the number of miles you drive in an hour (mi/hr). For a chemical reaction the rate is the number of moles that
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