PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE: Group Members: Mustaqeem Arif M.Faizan Ahmed Teacher: Nadir Ali Kolachi TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction of Product Life Cycle 2. Stages of Product Life Cycle • • • • • Product Development Introduction Stage Growth Stage Maturity Stage Decline Stage 3. Changing the Marketing Mix • • • Premium and Gifts Coupon Entertaining Advertising 4. Analysis of Product Life Cycle Model 5. Strategies of Product Life Cycle 6. Product Life Cycle Phases 7. Some Other Examples
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Introduction to Accounting Accounting is a profession used to make financial and business decisions. Billions of dollars exchange hands every day‚ in millions of separate business transactions. These are recorded and reported on using a comprehensive set of guidelines‚ referred to as Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). Brief History of Accounting Accounting was born before writing or numbers existed‚ some 10‚000 years ago‚ in the area known as Mesopotamia‚ later Persia‚ and today the
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Management Accounting ACC107 Individual Assignment Asma Moosa 30624 Diploma In Business Sem 4 c) Overhead absorption rate= OAR/ ORR Smoothing= 12663.5/10000 = $1.27 Shaping = 31362.5/25000 = $ 1.25 Fixing = 20471.75/5000 = $ 4.09 Question 2 a)Total Selling Overheads Variable selling overhead= 6000*18.75 =112500 Fixed selling overhead = 100000 Total selling overhead = 100000+112500= 212500 b) i) Marginal Costing Revenue (200*10000) 2000000 Opening Inventory(84*2000) 168000 COST OF PRODUCTION
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8/2/2012 Objective of Lecture 2 CLASSIFICATION OF ACCOUNTS & ACCOUNTING EQUATION • By end of lecture 2‚ all students should be able to:(a) Understand the five categories of accounts and able to classify them into the respective categories (b) Understand the accounting equation and the relationship between assets‚ liabilities and owner’s equity. Classifications of accounts • • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. An account is used to record all information regarding an item. The five major
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ORECASTING “ a Statement about the future value of a variable of i nterest .” U ses of Forecasting: Accounting Cost/profit estimates Finance Cash flow and funding Human Resources Hiring/recruiting/training Marketing Pricing‚ promotion‚ strategy MIS IT/IS systems‚ services Operations Schedules‚ MRP‚ workloads Product/service design New products and services F EATURES COMMON TO ALL FORECASTS Assumes causal system p ast ==> future Forecasts rarely perfect
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most important? Explain why. The four basic financial statements are the balance sheet‚ income statement‚ statement of retained earnings‚ and statement of cash flows. The balance sheet shows what it owes and owns. Income statement shows how the company did during a period of time both revenues and expenses. Statement of retained earnings indicates how much previous income was distributed to yourself and other business owners and what was kept for future growth. Statement of cash flows shows where
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CASE 4-33 ACCOUNTING | 15% Commission | 20% Commission | Own Sales Force @ 7.5% | Sales | $ 16‚000‚000 | 100% | $ 16‚000‚000 | 100% | $ 16‚000‚000 | 100% | Variable Expenses: | | | | | | | Manufacturing | $ 7‚200‚000 | | $ 7‚200‚000 | | $ 7‚200‚000 | | Commissions | $ 2‚400‚000 | | $ 3‚200‚000 | | $ 1‚200‚000 | | Total Variable Expenses | $ 9‚600‚000 | 60% | $ 10‚400‚000 | 65% | $ 8‚400‚000 | 52.5% | Contribution
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In this paper I will compare and contrast different types of accounting. The focus will be on the following types; accrual‚ cash flow and fund accounting. I aim to show the strength and weakness of each‚ how entries are made for each‚ how and if each method handles depreciation‚ how inventory is accounted for and if there any differences between organizations that use a certain method. Accrual accounting is mostly used by organizations that are for profit. Accounts using this method are prepared
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Separate private company accounting standards With the development of world economy‚ U.S.GAAP becomes more and more complex to meet public companies’ needs. Private companies cost a great fortune to compliance with U.S.GAAP. So‚ setting public-private accounting standards is a different issue debated for decades. it goes without saying that setting new separate accounting standards have its advantages and disadvantages. Background In USA‚ there are a large number of nonpublic companies‚ much more than
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Statements on Management Accounting PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING TITLE Definition and Measurement of Direct Material Cost TABLE OF CONTENTS Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materiality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Material Quantities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Material Lost in the Production Process . . . . Samples‚ Prototypes‚ and Initial Production Runs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 2 2 3 Unit Price of Direct Material
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