Product costing systems in modern manufacturing organisations Product costing refers to the process of assigning shared direct and indirect costs to individual products‚ customers‚ branches or other cost items. (USAID‚ 2007) Product costing is also referred to as assigning costs to inventory and production based on the expenses that go into producing or buying inventory. It is an important process for manufacturers that helps improves management information on products and helps managers and the
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RINGKASAN ARTIKEL “The Effect of Strategy and Organizational Structure on The Adoption And Implementation of Activity-Based Costing” by Maurice Gosselin I. Masalah Penelitian Permasalahan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah adanya fenomena ABC Paradox. Beberapa waktu yang lalu banyak akuntan manajemen dan para akademisi yang menunjukkan bahwa Activity-Based Costing (ABC) merupakan suatu metode perhitungan biaya yang paling efektif atau baik untuk digunakan. Namun‚ survei penelitian yang terdahulu
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IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC COSTING IN BULK DRUG AND R&D DEPARTMENT OF A PHARMA INDUSTRY Submitted By KAUSTUBH NIJASURE Under the guidance of Prof. P.M. Nayak A PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PART COMPLETITION OF MMS TO THE Vidyalankar Institute Of Technology Wadala (East)‚ Mumbai 400 031 JULY 14th‚ 2008 Executive summary: Centaur Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd. has following divisions: 1. Bulk Drug 2. Formulations 3. Research and Development 4. Clinical Research
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Process costing is used for homogenous products (continuous flow processes such as producing cans of soda). Job-order costing is used in situations where the organization offers many different products or services‚ such as in furniture manufacturing‚ hospitals‚ and legal firms. Process costing is used where units of product are homogeneous‚ such as in flour milling or cement production. The purpose of a job order cost accounting system is to assign and accumulate costs for each job‚ i.e
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COST AND MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Target Costing at Toyota Akriti Kapoor 11PGDM003 Section A Introduction There are numerous differences between management practices in Western companies and companies in Japan. One of the main differences is related to cost reduction. A manager in Europe or the United States generally expects to use cost information to make decisions about pricing and investments‚ while a Japanese manager expects to use cost information to control costs. Toyota uses cost
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Marginal Costing is ascertainment of the marginal cost which varies directly with the volume of production by differentiating between fixed costs and variable costs andfinally ascertaining its effect on profit. The basic assumptions made by marginal costing are following: - Total variable cost is directly proportion to the level of activity. However‚ variable cost per unit remains constant at all the levels of activities. - Per unit selling price remains constant at all levels of activities. - All
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between ABC Costing and the Time Driven ABC Costing Activity Based Costing (ABC)‚ is a method used to gather an estimation of the cost of a product or service. It was proposed by Robert S. Kaplan and W. Bruns. It helps to assign costs to products and services‚ of an activity along with the resources‚ based on the consumption that takes place by each product or service. The model helps companies in deciding that which products are not rightly priced and which products are actually costing more or are
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& Service costing Service Costing Unit costing is the method of costing used when the cost units are identical. Identical cost units should have identical costs and this concept of equality of costs is the basic feature of unit costing. It may be noted that process costs‚ output costing and service costing are the sub-divisions of unit costing method. Service Costing – Nature and Problem: Service or operating cost is the cost of providing services. Service costing is the term
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standard costs in a departmentalized factory. Distinguish between actual and applied factory overhead. Standard Costing •The purpose of standard cost accounting is to control costs and promote efficiency. •It is not another accounting method for accumulating manufacturing costs‚ but is used in conjunction with such methods as job order‚ process‚ or backflush costing. •Standard costing is based on predetermination of what it should cost to manufacture a product‚ and the inventory accounts are debited
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LIFE CYCLE COSTING Life cycle costing (LCC) is the process of collecting‚ interpreting and analyzing data and using quantitative tools and techniques to predict the future resources that will be required in any life cycle of a system of interest. LCC can also be defined as a technique to establish the total cost of ownership. It is a structured approach addresses all the elements of this cost and can used to produce a spend profile of a product over its life span. The result of LCC usually
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