settlement at Igbo-Ukwu in Eastern Nigeria was an outpost for West African’s long-distance trade routes‚ one of which was the Trans-Saharan trade routes. The main items traded were gold‚ slaves‚ salt‚ cowry shells (the major unit of currency). Others are weapons‚ expensive clothes‚ pepper‚ ivory‚ kola nuts and leather goods. [pic] The arrival of Europeans on the Coast of West Africa undermined the Saharan trade‚ but did not finally finish it until well into the 19th century. This also made the south-eastern
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The Europeans‚ during the Age of Exploration‚ had an influence on both the New World across the Atlantic Ocean‚ and the much closer continent of Africa. In both Africa and the New World‚ Europeans had similar influences in that they negatively affected the natives in their search for riches such as spices and precious metals‚ and wherever they traveled they would spread Christianity to the natives. One example of this is when Cortes arrived in the Aztec empire he demanded they convert to Christianity
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Songhay‚ was not only the last‚ but also the largest and greatest empire of western Africa between 1000 and 1600 ce.i The previous empire was the Mali empire. Songhai was just a client state at the port of Gao‚ which was a major trading port for trans-Saharan trade especially since it is located on the Niger river. When the Mali empire started to decline in the 14 th century‚ the Songhai king declared independence.ii The Songhai empire was the most thriving west African empire for many reasons but major
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trade and culture in the empire. After Sundiata’s death‚ Mansa Musa became emperor of Mali in 1307. Mansa Musa was a devout Muslim. His pilgrimage to Mecca‚ one of the Five Pillars of Islam‚ introduced Mali to the world. All the people that saw his caravan were flabbergasted. Many merchants came to the empire because of the empire’s gold surplus. The empire of Mali became rich because of the trade increase. Mali formed in the southern area of what used to be the empire of Ghana. Both the
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superiority of the Tang calvary in China. The Indian Ocean Maritime System • The Indian Ocean Maritime System was a society of seafarers established across the IndianOcean and South China Sea. • This trade system linked a network of sea trade routes from Africa to China. The main playerswere Africans‚ South Arabian Persian‚ and the Southern Chinese people (including theIndonesians and Malays). • Although much of the discoveries of new lands and waters were attributed to famous peoplesuch as
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One such reason was ghazw‚ the practice of raiding caravans‚ encampments‚ and poorly defended towns for plunder‚ a feature of tribal politics that had long characterized life in Arabia. Early Muslims raided because it was a traditional practice. Africa * The emerging kingdoms merged into a larger economy by the trans-Saharan trade routes that extended down from the North African coast. * Between 200 and 700 BCE‚ a network of caravan routes using camels connected West Africa to the larger
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AP World History Focus Questions for Key Concepts Period 3: Regional and Trans regional Interactions‚ c. 600 to c. 1450 CE Key Concept 3.1 Expansion and Intensification of Communication and Exchange Networks Answer Concepts & Relevant Factual Examples in Underline “Factoids” How did trade networks in the post-Classical Era compare to the Classical Era? Even though the Americas and Afro-Eurasia stayed separated‚ this era saw a deepening and widening of old and new networks of human interaction
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Compare and contrast the Indian ocean (Swahili city-states)‚ trans-Saharan (Sudanic states)‚ and silk road trade routes. III. Kingdoms of the Grasslands A. Introduction 1. Three coasts – Atlantic‚ Indian‚ savanna on edge of Sahara 2. Edge of desert 1. Gold found 2. Camels improved trade a. Sahel – grassland belt – best place to live – centers of trade 3. African states emerge as trade intermediaries 4. Location makes them open to droughts and attack 5. 10th century
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Many other states and kingdoms arose during this time but Ghana‚ Mali and Songhai achieved the status of fully-fledged‚ functioning and long-living conquest states and expansionist empires. These empires regulated the Trans-Saharan trade by offering protection for trade caravans as well as taxing slaves‚ gold‚ firearms‚ textiles and salt. Ghana reached its height by 1200 AD and was ruled by the Serahule people which eventually broke apart by in the 13th century. The Mali Empire was a Mandinka
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B. Submerging Differences 1. Made a confederacy based on the condolence ritual. 2. Sequence of bloody warfare lowered by peace. 3. Orgins date around A.D. 1400 II. First Americans A. C. 13‚000-2500 B.C. B. New worlds a. Two routes to get too America. b. Most arrived in multiple migrations. c. First settled in Alaska and NorthWestern Canada. C. Many resources in the “new world” III. Cultural Diversity A. Mesoamerica and south America a. Developed methods
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