USER DATAGRAM PROTOCOL(UDP): The User Datagram Protocol(UDP) is called a connectionless‚ unreliable transport protocol. It does not add anything to the services of IP except to provide process to process communication instead of host to host communication. USER DATAGRAM: UDP packets‚ called user datagrams‚ have a fixed size header of 8 bytes. The below diagram shows the format of a user datagram. User datagram format: Source port number: This is the port number used by the process
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"Realistic Broadcast Protocol Handler (RBPH) is a reliable multicast transport protocol mainly aimed for applications that require ordered‚ duplicate-free‚ multicast data delivery from multiple sources to multiple receivers. The advantage of RBPH over traditional multicast protocols is that it guarantees that a receiver in the group either receives all data packets from transmissions and retransmissions‚ or is able to detect unrecoverable data packet loss. RBPH is specifically intended as a workable
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Securing Windows Media Services 1. Stream type: Multicast Protocol used: UDP multicast Ports used: 1-65000 Special notes: Multicast streams are broadcast on IPs specified by the Windows Media Administrator within the following range: 224.0.0.1 to 239.255.255.255. The UDP port used for multicast streams is specified by the Windows Media Administrator and falls within the following range: 1 - 65000. Stream type: UDP unicast stream Protocols used: UDP and TCP Ports used: TCP-1755 and a UDP port
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|TCP / IP (Transmission Control / Internet protocol) | |101 |ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) | |201 |RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) | |301 |RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
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Control Protocol. OSI refers to Open Systems Interconnection. Model TCP/IP is developed on points toward a model the internet. TCP/IP has 4 layers. OSI has 7 layers. TCP/IP more reliable than OSI OSI has strict boundaries; TCP/IP does not have very strict boundaries. TCP/IP follow a horizontal approach. OSI follows a vertical approach. In the application layer‚ TCP/IP uses both session and presentation layer. OSI uses different session and presentation layers. TCP/IP developed protocols then model
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The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance-vector routing protocol‚ which employs the hop count as a routing metric. RIP prevents routing loops by implementing a limit on the number of hops allowed in a path from the source to a destination. The maximum number of hops allowed for RIP is 15. This hop limit‚ however‚ also limits the size of networks that RIP can support. A hop count of 16 is considered an infinite distance and used to deprecate inaccessible‚ inoperable‚ or otherwise undesirable
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Network core: packet switching (vs. circuit switching) 2. Network Performance a) Delay: Processing delay‚ queuing delay‚ transmission delay‚ propagation delay b) Throughput: bottleneck link 3. Protocol layers a) application (message)‚ transport (segment)‚ network (datagram)‚ link (frame)‚ physical layer b) Layer implementation‚ data encapsulation Chapter 2 1. Architecture a) client-server: dedicated servers‚ fixed IP‚ not scalable‚ single-point-of-failure. (E.g.‚ Web
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– remote procedure call (RPC) – remote method invocation (RMI) For higher level APIs‚ data has to be transformed before it can be shipped (“data marshalling”) Protocols for Client/Server Interaction (“Request/Reply”) 3 Middleware Layers ISO/OSI Applications‚ services RMI and RPC This This chapter chapter 7 request-reply protocol marshalling and external data representation UDP and TCP Middleware layers 6 4‚5 4 Characteristics of IPC Message Passing Primitives: Send‚ Receive
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Objectives Use terminology specific to converged networks Explain VoIP (voice over IP) services and their user interfaces Explain video-over-IP services and their user interfaces Describe VoIP and video-over-IP signaling and transport protocols‚ including SIP‚ H.323‚ and RTP Understand QoS (quality of service) assurance methods critical to converged networks‚ including RSVP and DiffServ Terminology IP Telephony IP telephony (VoIP) • Any network carrying voice signals using TCP/IP Public
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Packet Digitized voice becomes a payload for RTP (protocol we will study) RTP is then encapsulated into UDP And UDP into IP So this becomes Voice over IP At the and of this lecture we will again show how it all fits together Connectionless unreliable datagram service on the top of IP Adds port concept to identify peer application Datagrams may be lost‚ reordered‚ or duplicated Application responsible for reliability Includes datagram loss‚ duplication‚ delay‚ out-of-sequence‚ multiplexing
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