Variances Variances can be either: * Positive/favourable (better than expected) or * Adverse/unfavourable ( worse than expected) A favourable variance might mean that: * Costs were lower than expected in the budget‚ or * Revenue/profits were higher than expected By contrast‚ an adverse variance might arise because: * Costs were higher than expected * Revenue/profits were lower than expected What causes budget variance? There are four key reasons and it is important that
Premium Normal distribution Variance Arithmetic mean
Chapters 9 & 10 Standard Costing‚ Variance Analysis and Flexible Budgets This is a copyright presentation of Darlene B. Serrato and is presented exclusively for the use and benefit of students enrolled in Accounting 2303. Any other use is prohibited. All rights reserved. This presentation may not be copied‚ reproduced or transferred in or by any media without the express written permission of the author. STANDARD – is the budgeted cost for one unit of product. The beginning point
Premium Costs Cost Variable cost
Terms: Forecast vs Forecast Error We clarify the terms used in the practice problems and the final exam problems. Some statisticians speak of the standard deviation or variance of the forecast. The forecast here is the distribution of future values. It is a random variable‚ which has a standard error (standard deviation and variance). Other statisticians use the term forecast for the mean of the distribution of future values. The forecast error (the error term in the forecast) is the distribution
Premium Normal distribution Autoregressive moving average model Variance
PRODUCTION VARIANCE REPORT Background On completion of the first full inventory count for March 2013‚ ACL Production incurred a variance of TTD 277 k. The reasons for these variances included:- Bulk Paint not consumed Usage not recorded Normal Loss (Evaporation/Clingage) Drum Shortage Packaging use not recorded Multiple report as Finished Not defined These variances were not taken to book until a clear understanding of why it occurred was realized. As a consequence of the above‚ it was
Premium Normal distribution Management Statistics
BUDGET MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS To have a basis in illustrating the analysis of variance or difference between budgeted and actual figures‚ the budget of a sampled (unknown) company was utilized (http://www.smallbusinessnotes.com/business-finances/budgeting-systems.html). | | | | | | | | |
Premium Pro forma Revenue Analysis of variance
Comprehensive exercise to calculate variances: Gilder Corporation makes a product with the following standard costs: The company reported the following results concerning this product in June. The company applies variable overhead on the basis of direct labor-hours. The direct materials purchases variance is computed when the materials are purchased. Required: a. Compute the materials quantity variance. 15‚600 F b. Compute the materials price variance. 44‚100 * 0.1 = 4‚410 F c. Compute
Premium Direct material price variance Variance Cost
CHAPTER 8 FLEXIBLE BUDGETS‚ OVERHEAD COST VARIANCES‚ AND MANAGEMENT CONTROL 8-16 (20 min.) Variable manufacturing overhead‚ variance analysis. 1. Variable Manufacturing Overhead Variance Analysis for Esquire Clothing for June 2009 | | |Flexible Budget: |Allocated: | |Actual Costs Incurred | |Budgeted Input Qty. |Budgeted Input Qty.
Premium Variable cost Costs Variance
From: Candidate Subject: New Look Jackets Variance Analyses and Draft Operating Budget Introduction The following report explains the significance and reasons for the variances in New Look Jacket’s 2012 detailed variance report and provides a draft operating budget for 2013. Analysis of Variances The sales price variance is zero‚ meaning the average price New Look Jackets sold products was the same as the budgeted sales price. The sales mix variance is unfavourable for Nylon Jackets and favourable
Premium Direct material price variance Variable cost Costs
6.2.5 Statistical analysis The values are expressed as mean ± SEM. The statistical analysis was carried out by one-way analysis of variance using SPSS (version 17) statistical analysis program. Duncan’s post hoc multiple comparison tests were used to determine significant differences among groups. P < 0.05 was considered to be significant. 6.3 Results 6.3.1 Liver function tests Liver toxicity markers were assayed to assess hepatic injury. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP)‚ acid phosphatase
Premium Liver Statistical significance Statistics
1. Industrial situations that show the usefulness of analysis of covariance Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) gives evaluation of whether the population means on the dependent variable (DV) adjusted for differences on the covariate(s)‚ are different across the independent variable (IV) levels. The variability in the DV due to the control variable (concomitant variable or a covariate) is removed. The covariate increases the opportunity to find statistical significance for the factors‚ fixed or
Premium Statistical hypothesis testing Type I and type II errors Variance