St a t em en t An a lysis a n d Cost Redu ct ion P r ogr a m AT TATA MOTORS LIMITED‚ PUNE Submitted To Pune University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement of Master of Business Administration Submitted By Mr. Chetan G. Aher M.B.A Under the Guidance of Prof. Mr. Mahesh Halale THROUGH THE DIRECTOR OF Visahwakarma Institute of Management 2005 - 2007 www.final-yearproject.com | www.finalyearthesis.com The Financial Statement Analysis and Cost Reduction Program. Acknowledgement
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Software Acquisition Best Practices Education and Training Experts FAQs‚ Glossary‚ and Acronyms Literature Programs and Organizations Related Resources Service Providers/Consultants Standards‚ Policies‚ and Procedures Tools Acquisition Community Connection (ACC) Defense Acquisition University DoD-specific Acquisition Performance-based Services Acquisition (PBSA) SEI Software Acquisition Capability Maturity Model (SA-CMM) Software Outsourcing Agile Development Case Studies
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COST OF PRODUCTION CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Types of costs 3.1 Opportunity‚ implicit and explicit costs 3.2 Fixed and variable costs 3.3 Average costs 3. Types of cost curves 4.4 Marginal cost curve 4.5 Average cost curves 4. Costs in Short run and in the Long run 5.6 Short run 5.7 Long run 5.8 Economies of scale 5. Cost analysis in the real world 6.9 Economies of scope 6.10 Experiential
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Cost Behavior Cost behavior is term for describing whether a cost changes when the level of output changes. The cost can vary proportionately with the changes in the level of activity or unaffected by changes in the level of activity. Costs can be variable‚ fixed‚ or mixed. A cost that does not change in total as output changes is a fixed cost. A variable cost‚ on the other hand‚ increases in total with an increase in output and decreases in total with a decrease in output. Understanding how costs
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about the cost of an aircraft‚ we tend to think of the cost of buying the product rather than the costs of running it! British Aerospace’s service to the customer does not stop at the aircraft acquisition stage‚ when the airplane is sold to the customer. If anything‚ this is when the customer relationship begins. This case study focuses upon the processes involved in behavioral costing aircraft components. Given the high specifications to which designers have to work‚ it is important to develop
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CHAPTER 3 ACTIVITY COST BEHAVIOR LEARNING OBJECTIVES AFTER STUDYING THIS CHAPTER‚ YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO: 1. Define and describe fixed‚ variable‚ and mixed costs. 2. Explain the use of the resources and activities and their relationship to cost behavior. 3. Separate mixed costs into their fixed and variable components using the high-low method‚ the scatterplot method‚ and the method of least squares. 4. Evaluate the reliability of the cost formula. 5. Explain how multiple regression
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Meaning of cost ‘COST’ represents a sacrifice of values‚ a foregoing or a release of something of value. It is the price of economic resources used as a result of producing or doing the thing costed. It is the amount of expenditure incurred on a given thing. Cost has been defined as the amount measured in money or cash expended or other property transferred‚ capital stock issued‚ services performed or a liability incurred in consideration of goods or services received or to be received. CLASSIFICATION
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Direct materials cost per unit ($750‚000 ÷ 10‚000) $ 75.00 Conversion cost per unit ($798‚000 ÷ 10‚000) 79.80 Assembly Department cost per unit $154.80 2a. Solution Exhibit 17-16A calculates the equivalent units of direct materials and conversion costs in the Assembly Department of Nihon‚ Inc. in February 2009. Solution Exhibit 17-16B computes equivalent unit costs. 2b. Direct materials cost per unit $ 75 Conversion cost per unit 84 Assembly Department cost per unit $159
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Historical cost accounting Advantages • Historical cost accounts are straightforward to produce • Historical cost accounts do not record gains until they are realized • Historical cost accounts are still used in most accounting systems Disadvantages • Historical cost accounts give no indication of current values of the assets of a business • Historical cost accounts do not record the opportunity costs of the use of older assets‚ particularly property which may be recorded at a value based
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Question 1 Product costs are costs that are associated with manufactured goods until the time period during which products are sold. It involved all costs in acquiring or making a product. These costs consist of direct materials‚ direct labour and manufacturing overhead. Product costs are initially assigned to an inventory account on the balance sheet. When the goods are sold‚ the costs are released from inventory as expenses and matched against sales revenue. Since product costs are initially assigned
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