OxidatiOn and ReductiOn OxidatiOn & ReductiOn 9.2 9 Introduction to oxidation and reduction Redox equations Some common oxidising agents and reducing agents (EXT) 9.3 Reactivity 9.4 Voltaic cells 19.1 Standard electrode potentials (AHL) 9.5 Electrolytic cells 19.2 cORe 9.1 Electrolysis (AHL) TOK Are oxidation numbers real? I remember contemplating on the nature of reality back in Chapters 2 and 4‚ with regard to electrons and hybridization respectively
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fertiliser 1. Aim To find the percentage by mass of available nitrogen‚ present as the ammonium ion‚ in a lawn fertiliser. 2. Materials 1.3g lawn fertiliser‚ finely ground 100ml standard sodium hydroxide solution (0.96M) 100ml standard hydrochloric acid (0.94M) Methyl red indicator 500mL de-ionised water Wash bottle containing de-ionised water Red litmus paper 2 × small funnels 250 mL volumetric flask 3 × 250mL conical flask 20mL pipette Pipette filler 5 mL measuring cylinder
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The Effect of Molecular Weight and Time on the Diffusion Rate of Potassium Permanganate‚ Potassium Dichromate‚ and Methylene Blue.1 Arantxa Alex Carpio Group 1 Sec. X – 4L March 24‚ 2015 ABSTRACT The effect of molecular weight and time on the rate of diffusion was determined using the agar-water gel test. A petri dish of agar-water gel with three wells was prepared and a prepared solution of each substance was dropped on each well; one with potassium permanganate (KMnO4)‚
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Scope of the experiment 10. Reference 11. Acknowledgment AIM: To prepare phenol formaldehyde plastic / Bakelite. CHEMICALS / APPARATUS REQUIRED : Beakers Phenol Formaldehyde Glass rod Spirit lamp Wire gauge Acetic acid Hydrochloric acid(HCl) Theory : This reaction is highly exothermic‚ but that is not why the plastic produced is referred to as "thermoset". Bakelite is a space-network polymer. Unlike linear and branched polymers‚ which are composed of long molecules
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Properties of Alcohols and Phenols Experiment #3 Objectives: To observe the solubility of alcohols relative to their chemical structure‚ to perform chemical tests to distinguish primary‚ secondary and tertiary alcohols‚ and a color test for phenol. Introduction The general formula of an alcohol is ROH in which the R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group. Alcohols may be looked upon as derivatives of water‚ HOH. One hydrogen of water is substituted by an alkyl group‚ R. Like water‚ alcohols show hydrogen
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General Science Questions and Answers No. Question Answer 1 The theory of relativity was propounded by Albert Einstein 2 The principal metal used in manufacturing steel is Iron 3 An altimeter is used for measuring Altitude 4 Oology is the study of Bird Eggs 5 Radioactivity was discovered by Henry Bacquerel 6 The metal used in storage batteries is Lead 7 The instrument used to measure the relative humidity of air is Hygrometer 8 Barometer was invented by Torricelli 9 The unit of power is Watt 10
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Salt Purpose: Could NaCl be made using NaHCO3‚ hydrochloric acid‚ and a boiling chip? Hypothesis: If I combined NaHCO3‚ hydrochloric acid‚ and a boiling chip I think it will form NaCl because when you balance the equation it makes a new chemical reaction. Materials needed: test tube cleaner‚ test tube‚ test tube tongs‚ hot plate‚ a scale‚ graduated cylinder‚ water‚ goggles‚ fire retardant glove‚ beaker‚ test tube holder‚ a scoopula‚ hydrochloric acid‚ sodium bicarbonate‚ soap‚ pipette‚ and a boiling
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example when copper II Hydroxide is heated. There are many substances used in this experiment‚ the elements are Hydrogen Gas‚ Aluminum‚ and solid Copper‚ the compounds are Copper II Nitrate‚ Sodium Hydroxide‚ Copper II Hydroxide‚ Copper II Oxide‚ Hydrochloric Acid‚ Sodium Nitrate‚
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CHEM 1411 – General Chemistry I Practice Problems‚ Chapters 1–3 Chapter 1 – Chemistry: The Study of Change 1. Element‚ compound‚ homogeneous mixture (solution)‚ or heterogeneous mixture: a) orange juice b) brass c) 0.9% saline (NaCl) solution d) garden soil e) room air f) methane gas g) sodium metal h) N2 gas i) Cu(NO3)2 crystals (freshly-squeezed) 2. Define (some of these terms are found in Chapters 2 and 3): a) c) e) g) i) k) m) o) 3. b) d) f) h) j) l) n) compound physical change
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wet gangue is taken to a dam‚ usually lined with cement‚ called a tailings dam. The water is allowed to evaporate and the solid waste (tailings) is disposed of. It must however be disposed of safely as it may contain small amounts of toxic lead and zinc. Polluted water from the dam must be kept out of local water ways and prevented from entering the food chain. The problem with this is that it is very time consuming and costly. Liberation: Usually the first stage in the liberation of ore minerals
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