2 chloride 2 methylbutane
Laurie Coleman
Chem 3411
Dr. Eidell
October 24, 2014
Preparation and IR Analysis of 2-chloride-2-methylbutane
Line Reaction
Abstract
The purpose of this experiment was to react 2-methyl-2-butanol with concentrated HCl in order to form 2-chloride-2-methylbutane. The hydrogen for the HCl make the -OH from the 2-methyl-2-butanol into a good leaving group because H2O is formed. The H2O leaves and Cl- is free to bond with the carbocation creating 2-chloride-2-methylbutane. The materials needed for the lab were an Erlenmeyer flask with a stir bar, the stirring function of the hot plate, an ice bath, a separatory funnel, and an IR machine.
Experimental
Measured out 5 mL of 2-methyl-2-butanol and 13 mL of HCl, the latter was cooled to approximately 0℃. The HCl was slowly added to the 2-methyl-2-butanol and stirred for 15 minutes. The mixture was then added to the separatory funnel and the aqueous HCl layer removed. The mixture was then washed with 10 mL of H2O, 10 mL of sodium bicarbonate, and 10 mL of NaCl. The product was dried with enough anhydrous sodium sulfate so that there were free floating particles in the solution and allowed to sit for 10 minutes. After the elapsed time the solution was then decanted and distilled. The weight of the distillate was measure and the IR ran.
Results
Table 1: Weight of the Final Product
Weight of empty/capped Pear Shaped Flask (g)
Weight of Flask w/ cap and product (g)
Weight of Product (g)
Theoretical Yield (g)
Precent Yield
(%)
20.531
22.292
1.761
4.87
36.16
Calculations
Discussion
Reacting the concentrated HCl allowed the alcohol on the 2-methyl-2-butanol to become a good leaving group, by picking up a H+ from the HCl, creating H2O. After the H2O compound left, the Cl- was able to attack the compound creating 2-chloride-2-methylbutane. After the final product was formed it needed to be washed with three different solutions to rid it of any impurities. After the final washing, anhydrous sodium
Chem 3411
Dr. Eidell
October 24, 2014
Preparation and IR Analysis of 2-chloride-2-methylbutane
Line Reaction
Abstract
The purpose of this experiment was to react 2-methyl-2-butanol with concentrated HCl in order to form 2-chloride-2-methylbutane. The hydrogen for the HCl make the -OH from the 2-methyl-2-butanol into a good leaving group because H2O is formed. The H2O leaves and Cl- is free to bond with the carbocation creating 2-chloride-2-methylbutane. The materials needed for the lab were an Erlenmeyer flask with a stir bar, the stirring function of the hot plate, an ice bath, a separatory funnel, and an IR machine.
Experimental
Measured out 5 mL of 2-methyl-2-butanol and 13 mL of HCl, the latter was cooled to approximately 0℃. The HCl was slowly added to the 2-methyl-2-butanol and stirred for 15 minutes. The mixture was then added to the separatory funnel and the aqueous HCl layer removed. The mixture was then washed with 10 mL of H2O, 10 mL of sodium bicarbonate, and 10 mL of NaCl. The product was dried with enough anhydrous sodium sulfate so that there were free floating particles in the solution and allowed to sit for 10 minutes. After the elapsed time the solution was then decanted and distilled. The weight of the distillate was measure and the IR ran.
Results
Table 1: Weight of the Final Product
Weight of empty/capped Pear Shaped Flask (g)
Weight of Flask w/ cap and product (g)
Weight of Product (g)
Theoretical Yield (g)
Precent Yield
(%)
20.531
22.292
1.761
4.87
36.16
Calculations
Discussion
Reacting the concentrated HCl allowed the alcohol on the 2-methyl-2-butanol to become a good leaving group, by picking up a H+ from the HCl, creating H2O. After the H2O compound left, the Cl- was able to attack the compound creating 2-chloride-2-methylbutane. After the final product was formed it needed to be washed with three different solutions to rid it of any impurities. After the final washing, anhydrous sodium
References: Chemspider.com