3.7 Pilot Study Sample
3.7 PILOT STUDY
Pilot testing is a meaningful practice in survey instrumentation, as there are essential improvements that could be made through all the stages of the process (Andrews et. al., 2003). Conducting a pilot study provides a researcher the opportunity to assess how effectively the research instrument was designed. Because the survey instrument is the means of collecting the information that the study intended to receive. This procedure could help in determining the changes with respect to overall format and structure of the research instrument.
In this study, a pilot survey was conducted with a sample of 50 students of the universities selected for survey. With the results obtained, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to further refine the questionnaire by excluding certain items based on their non-applicability. Then, several questions are re-worded to avoid confusion and providing better understanding for the respondents. Thus, pilot study enabled accuracy, adequacy, and dependability of the research …show more content…
This analysis provides assessment of the theory measured by using the empirical evidence of the validity of the items based on overall fitness of the model and the construct validity (Hair et al., 2010). A measurement theory refers to a set of theoretical, systematic, and logical assumptions that suggests path between underlying constructs and items. The construct validity is the fundamental requirement for testing the theory further (Carmines and Zeller, 1979; Steenkamp and Trijp, 1991). Hence, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is used as a standard measurement of construct validity to make sure that the theoretical meaning of a construct is empirically captured by its indicators (Bagozziet al., 1991; Steenkamp and Trijp,
Pilot testing is a meaningful practice in survey instrumentation, as there are essential improvements that could be made through all the stages of the process (Andrews et. al., 2003). Conducting a pilot study provides a researcher the opportunity to assess how effectively the research instrument was designed. Because the survey instrument is the means of collecting the information that the study intended to receive. This procedure could help in determining the changes with respect to overall format and structure of the research instrument.
In this study, a pilot survey was conducted with a sample of 50 students of the universities selected for survey. With the results obtained, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to further refine the questionnaire by excluding certain items based on their non-applicability. Then, several questions are re-worded to avoid confusion and providing better understanding for the respondents. Thus, pilot study enabled accuracy, adequacy, and dependability of the research …show more content…
This analysis provides assessment of the theory measured by using the empirical evidence of the validity of the items based on overall fitness of the model and the construct validity (Hair et al., 2010). A measurement theory refers to a set of theoretical, systematic, and logical assumptions that suggests path between underlying constructs and items. The construct validity is the fundamental requirement for testing the theory further (Carmines and Zeller, 1979; Steenkamp and Trijp, 1991). Hence, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is used as a standard measurement of construct validity to make sure that the theoretical meaning of a construct is empirically captured by its indicators (Bagozziet al., 1991; Steenkamp and Trijp,