2) identify problems that individuals with an autistic spectrum condition may have in social interaction and relationships…
Children with autism are unresponsive to others, uncommunicative, repetitive, and rigid their symptoms usually appear before the age of three. An autistic individual will have difficulty sustaining employment, accomplishing household responsibilities, and leading independent lives. Furthermore, they express having problems displaying closeness and empathy and have limited interests and activities. The characteristics seem to be pronounced as indifferent in physical care and affectionate expressive interest in those who are taking care of them. Verbal communication and language impairments and inability…
The article ’’ The Kids Who Beat Autism” written by Ruth Padawer describes two cases where the children with relatively same age and treatment for autism. Their parents met at a conference in Newport and states that they no longer respond to the family and have almost same symptoms and behavioral pattern. Both families made a decision to ask the help from A.B.A specialist from the University of California. The specialist spend and direct 35 hours per week, one-on-one sessions with each of the patient. After a…
1.2. Identify problems that individuals with an autistic spectrum condition may have in social interaction and relationships…
Problems with social interaction and relationships may result in a real fear and avoidance of all social situations; come across as indifference and aloofness towards others; or lead to someone desperately trying to make friends but continually ‘getting it wrong’ through a lack of understanding of social rules and other people’s feelings and behaviour. People with autistic spectrum conditions usually have trouble understanding or talking about their feelings and needs. As a result they express themselves in ways seen as ‘strange’ or ‘inappropriate’. Commonly they struggle to see themselves and others as distinct individuals with their own thoughts, feelings, plans and points of view.…
Formerly known as Asperger syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS); ASD is an undefined and cluster of multiple symptoms: cognitive, communicative, and sensory. According to Morrison (2014), “Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with widely varying degrees and manifestations that has both genetic and environmental causes.” Symptoms of ASD can be seen in children as early as 6 months of age. However, not all children show signs early some children don’t show symptoms until 2 years of age. Many students due to the lack of knowledge and acceptance about ASD many children aren’t diagnoses or introduced to early interventions until they enter school, and even then some students may go under the raider because their high intellectual ability. Some symptoms that might be seen in students with ASD are: unable to play pretend games, avoid eye contact, trouble interrupting the feelings of others (including non-verbal communication), having trouble with delayed speech and language skills, over reacts to change is schedule or routine, obsessive interest, and answers questions with unrelated answers. In my experience these students lack peer communication, they often have no friends, and some prefer to play alone, peers or adults cannot comfort when they become upset. Individuals with ASD may suffer acutely from some symptoms and mildly from…
Among these disorders is the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), which consisting of a distinct group of complex neurodevelopment disorders. ASD usually goes undetected because of the limited social demands along with lack of support from parents and caregivers in early life (ninds.nih.gov). Within the group of complex neurodevelopment disorders, is Aspergers Syndrome, on the higher functioning spectrum of autism. Asperger characteristics contain social impairment, communication difficulties, and restrictive, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior. These characteristics typically remain undetected until the child has enough language and social skills to show that their focus is limited and may have unusual patterns of…
Sam is a 16-year-old boy who struggles with autism every day. He was born six weeks premature. Weighing two pounds ten ounces, he remained in the hospital 6 weeks on account of his low birth weight, respiratory distress, and intraventricular hemorrhage. At the age of 12 months, his mom noticed that Sam was delayed on his speech, language, and cognitive development. At that time, he was placed in basic therapy. This therapy taught him to communicate with others through pictures, and gestures. Currently Sam is 16 and has a developmental equivalent of a two years old (Emily Rubin 1). The article, “History of Autism ”, reports “In the 1940s, researchers in the United States began to use the term “autism” to describe children with emotional and social problems” (par. 4). Dr. Kanner from Johns Hopkins University would use this term on a study, which he performed on several withdrawn children. Until the 1960’s, some researchers would continue to misdiagnose between autism and schizophrenia. Soon after medical professionals began to unravel the understanding of autism (par. 4-5). Autism can be defined as, “A developmental disorder that appears in the first 3 years of life, and affect the brain’s normal development of social and communication skills” (Autism par.…
2. Asperger syndrome- a persuasive developmental disorder with severe and sustained impairments and social interaction and the development of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activities. Disorder causes clinically significant impairments in other important areas of functioning.…
Much has been studied on Autism. While doing research this reader viewed articles on behavior, coping skills, children’s development (including social skills) and therapies relating to Autism. Evidence behind Applied Behavioral Analysis Therapy suggests that starting children early in a therapy setting gives them a better chance at a more “normal” life.…
S (2014) “practitioners of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have come to realize that children with ASD do not lack the desire to interact with others, they just do not have the appropriate social skills necessary to interact with other children.” (pg.2) Researchers have tried multiple interventions to help get ASD patients the correct social skills they need in order to have interpersonal relationships. Grigore, A., and RUSU, A. S (2014) also found that “recent studies show that children with autism spectrum disorder can comprehend or understand non-human, animal communication, better than they can understand humans.”…
This case is of an 8-year-old boy, Steven. Steven has been diagnosed by a Pediatrician as having an Autistic Spectrum Disorder because of the severity of his needs in terms of communication and reciprocal social interaction. Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder that is very complex and involves a broad different and separate physical and mental disorders. Autistic children are in the private world of their own. It is common beliefs that performance of individuals with autism was inferior when compared to that of normal children. Autism is a psychiatric disorder and it is characterised by : (a) gross social deficits , such as, difficulties in forming and maintaining social relationships and deficits in reciprocating social interaction; (b) a striking impairment in both verbal and nonverbal communication; (c) the presence of repetitive behaviour (O'Riordan, 2001). It is believed to be caused by biological factors due to: neurological symptoms, mental handicap, genetic causes, infections, and also difficulties in pregnancy. The diagnosis generally requires a team of professionals because of the many unique characteristics and behaviors of the autistic child. However, the psychiatrist and the psychologist are mainly responsible for the diagnosis and the psychological evaluations involved.…
Johnathan has a disability known as Autism, which hinders his everyday learning. Autism is identified as a complex developmental disability. Professionals believe that Autism presents itself during the first three years of a person's life. This condition is the consequence of a neurological disorder that has an effect on a brain’s normal function, affecting the development of the person's communication and social interaction skills. Autism places a daily struggle on Johnathan’s education and his strengths and weaknesses are very apparent. A major weakness for Johnathan is his disinterest in social interaction. When placed in a group setting, he will not interact with his peers. For instance, during Physical Education class; he will stand along the side and will only join the group when his PCA encourages him to do so. His communication skills fail him in other key areas as well. Due to his Autism, Johnathan needs extensive time to process theories and to express his thoughts and responses. At times, it will take him up to a minute to process the information and form an appropriate response. A person with autism may often miss a cue that their teacher presents, which would cause a battle within the classroom setting. A student with Autism like Johnathan might not know that somebody is trying to talk to them. They may also be very interested in talking to a particular person or group of people, but do not have the same skills as others to become fully involved and this will cause frustration. Johnathan simply lacks the necessary playing and talking skills. This causes a major issue within the classroom, because he is consistently playing catch up. Another weakness that Johnathan displays is his need to do things in multiples of 3. Luckily, his classmates have adapted to this requirement and they accommodate him when needed. This weakness will only hamper him as he grows older, because the world will not adjust to his necessary modifications. This would also cause a…
Commonly confused with Autism, Asperger’s Syndrome is a type of pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). These types of disorders (PDD) have delays is the development of basic skills such as, the ability to socialize, to communicate, and to use imagination. Children with Asperger’s typically have normal intelligence and language development, but these could change as they get older. This disorder was declared official in 1944 by an Austrian doctor, Hans Asperger.…
Autism is a developmental disorder, which is “diagnosed on the basis of early-emerging social and communication impairments, and rigid and repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests.” The extent that these are displayed vary with age and ability, therefore an autistic spectrum was introduced to “recognise this diversity” (Frith et al., 2005, p.786). Some examples of the difficulties children with ASDs face are apparent aloofness, poor grasp of abstract concepts and feelings, as well as the difficulty to deviate from one way of doing things (Bowen et al., 2006, p.9). These examples alone exhibit why there is controversy regarding whether children with ASDs should be educated in mainstream or special schools.…