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There are two components to the CBT family; Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT) and Cognitive Therapy (CT). Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy was developed by psychiatrist, Dr. Albert Ellis. REBT takes a comprehensive approach to psychological treatment that deals with the emotional and behavioral aspects of human disturbance, but with emphasis on the cognitive component (Gomathy & Singh, 2007). Ellis believed that psychological problems originate from misperceptions and mistaken cognitions about what was perceived. Additionally, problems also occur from emotional under reactions or over reactions to normal and unusual stimuli; and from habitual dysfunctional behavior patterns which enabled them to keep repeating non-adjustive responses…
This research uses Behavioral System Model as the theoretical framework. It is a nursing care model that have been introduced by Dorothy E. Johnson since 1968 which advocates the nurturing of efficient and effective patient’s functioning behavior in preventing illness. At the same time, this model also stresses on the importance of research-based knowledge regarding the nursing care effects on the patients (Wayne, 2014).…
Albert Ellis is very famous for his contributions and known as the father of cognitive-behavioral therapy and also the founder of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). In the beginning Ellis was tried to develop Rational Emotive Therapy (RET), that now called Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), because he was disappointed with psychoanalysis style of treatment and feel that it did not worked for everyone. Ellis based his work on the basis of the concept that individuals' beliefs strongly affect their emotional functioning and their behaviors. Ellis called our negative beliefs irrational beliefs because they made people feel depressed, anxious, and angry and lead to negative, self-defeating behaviors (shamekia Thomas)…
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (also known by its abbreviation CBT) was primarily developed through an integration of behavior therapy (first popularized by Edward Thorndike) with cognitive therapy (developed by Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis). The first discrete, intentionally therapeutic approach to CBT to be developed was Rational Emotive Therapy (RET), which was originated by Albert Ellis, Ph.D. in the mid-1950's. Ellis developed his approach in reaction to his disliking of the in-efficient and in-directive nature of Psychoanalysis. The philosophic origins of RET go back to the Stoic philosophers, including Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius. While rooted in rather different theories, these two traditions found common ground in focusing on the "here and now", and on alleviating symptoms. CBT is a short-term, goal-oriented psychotherapy treatment that takes a hands-on, practical approach to problem-solving. Its goal is to change patterns of thinking or behaviour that are behind people’s difficulties, and so change the way they feel. CBT is a form of psychotherapy in which the therapist and the client work together as a team to identify and solve problems. Therapists use the Cognitive Model to help clients overcome their difficulties by changing their thinking, behavior, and emotional responses. Cognitive therapy has been found to be effective in more than 1000 outcome studies for a myriad of psychiatric disorders, including;…
Comparing Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy and Becoming a Helper, they both discuss the theory of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. They discuss the most important details of the theoretical approach. Rational emotive behavior therapy rests on the premise that thinking, evaluating, analyzing, questioning, doing, practicing and redefining the basics of behavior change (Corey, Corey, 2011, p. 170). This theory assumes that individuals are born with the potential for rational thinking but that they also uncritically accept irrational beliefs. A reorganization of one’s self statements will result in a corresponding reorganization of one’s behavior (Corey, Corey, 2011, p. 170). The clients are taught that the events of life themselves do not disturb…
The behavioural model suggest that all behaviours – including abnormality – is learnt. It suggests that we have very few innate characteristics that we are born with. According to the behavioural model there are three ways in which we learn, these include classical + operant conditioning and social learning theory.…
Throughout the program, one of the methods or strategies used was cognitive restructuring by Albert Ellis’s Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). Cognitive restructuring teaches people on how to change their self-defeating thoughts to self-enhancing thoughts. Not only that, muscle relaxation also has help people to cope with living stressed by doing both muscle and mental relaxation. According to Albert Ellis, people contribute to their own psychological problems as well as to specific symptoms, by the rigid and extreme belief they hold about events or situations (Corey, 2013). In other words, irrational thoughts and beliefs hinder one from attaining their goals and creates emotional distress.…
Ellis suggests that depression is due to irrational beliefs but is also maintained by reinforcement. Rational Emotive Behavioural therapy (REBT) aims to replace self-defeating beliefs with adaptive beliefs and uses the ABC model. An example of this is a student getting a good grade for their essay. This is the ‘activating’ of an event. How the person interprets an event or situation is where the ‘belief system’ comes in. The emotional response is then observed which is the ‘consequence’ of the action is. The aim of REBT is to develop a ‘D’ aspect adding a ‘dispute system’ to replace B, adding an adaptive belief, so the person realises they do not have to be perfect. The therapist will ‘test’ patient’s beliefs with actions which challenge their faulty thinking. Often they can be blunt with clients and not show sympathy in order to avoid reinforcing the…
REBT describes the therapist approach as an educational process. The therapist functions in many ways like a teacher, especially in collaborating with a client on homework assignments and in teaching strategies for straight thinking; and the client is a learner who practices these new skills in everyday life (Corey, 2013, p.292). CBT describes the therapist approach as a supportive and encouraging role in therapy. The therapist will ask clients to gather and weight the evidence in support of their beliefs, therapists help clients bring about enduring changes in their mood and their behaviors (Corey, 2013, p.293). There are also differences in how Ellis and Beck view faulty thinking due how the therapists approach therapy, and how they describe the therapeutic process. Through a process of rational disputation, Ellis works to persuade clients that certain of their beliefs are irrational and nonfunctional. Beck views his clients’ beliefs as being more inaccurate than irrational and asks his clients to conduct behavioral experiments to test the accuracy of their beliefs (Corey, 2013, p.305).…
The principle of gestalt therapy is the development of the unifying version of the human being that assimilates feelings, thought, senses, social relationships and spirituality, creating a complete experience where the body can speak and words can be comprehended and felt. The focus of is on becoming aware of the ‘here and now’, as well as physical sensations, emotions and creative modification (Serge, 2007). Cognitive behaviour therapy on the other hand, places a strong prominence on the cognitive mediation of behaviour and the application of erudition principles to convey about change. Cognitive behavioural therapy, based on the concept that learning and thinking play roles in how emotional and behavioural problems develop and how they are…
Our beliefs shape our understanding of - and interaction with - the world. These beliefs can be rational or irrational. Rational beliefs are coherent, flexible and non-extreme whereas irrational beliefs are not coherent and can be extreme, unrealistic or non-pragmatic (Hyland & Boduszek 2012) in some cases leading to self-sabotage. Rational Emotive Cognitive Behavioural Hypnotherapy (RECBH) stems from the Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) model first proposed by Albert Ellis in 1955 and dealing with healthy and unhealthy psychological functioning and how we might increase the former and decrease the latter by helping patients control their emotional states that are based on beliefs, expectations and attitudes. REBT emphasises the role…
Williams, J. Mark, Fraser N. Watts, and Colin Macleod Macleod. Cognitive Psychology and Emotional Disorders. Chichester: Wiley, 1997.…
This essay will provide an understanding of the principles of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and its application to a case study of someone who has mild to moderate health problems. It aims to critically evaluate the principles and philosophy that underpin cognitive behaviour theory, whist demonstrating an understanding of fundamental cognitive behavioural strategies, and finally to critically appraise the evidence base of appropriate treatment methods. For the purpose of the assignment and in accordance to British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP, 2010:7) Standards of Conduct, Performance and Ethics, the clients name has been changed to the pseudonym George. All other identifiable information has also been altered.…
One drawback of this technique however as suggested is that it is somewhat difficult for people to learn it in a self-help mode (without the assistance of a therapist). Nonetheless, as assumed that A. T. Beck’s cognitive therapy (CT) has made a substantial contribution to current evidence-based cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for a variety of psychiatric disorders, most notably depression, anxiety, personality disorders, and, more recently, psychosis. A. T. Beck’s (1987, 1996) cognitive model postulates that biased self relevant thoughts, evaluations, and beliefs are key contributors to the development and persistence of psychopathological states. The biased thoughts and appraisals that characterize psychopathology are derived from maladaptive mental representations of reality stored in memory structures called schemas. Schematic content or beliefs organize and guide the selection, encoding, and retrieval of information. Given their central role as progenitors of a biased and maladaptive information processing apparatus, the cognitive model considers schematic change essential for significant and enduring symptom reduction (A. T. Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979; D. A. Clark, Beck, & Alford,…
In the integrative model, the cognitive behavioural strand helps to identify irrational beliefs that influence behaviour and emotional responses. This interest in cognitive aspects of therapy coincided with the emergence of the cognitive therapies, such as rational emotive therapy by Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck’s (1976) cognitive therapy. (McGraw-Hill 2008, p.141)…