Abc Transporter Lab Report

An ABC transporter is system that involves the use of a substrate binding protein and ATP. By combining these the substrate binding protein and ATP, the transporter is able to increase the concentration of the nutrient inside the cell, even if it is against the concentration gradient. When comparing the concentration of nutrient, the cytosol often has a higher concentration of nutrients compared to the periplasm and, possibly the environment (depending on how nutrient rich the environment is. For the periplasm, it will have a lower concentration of nutrient compared to the environment and the cytosol because as nutrients enter the periplasm, they are take up and pumped into the cell by the transporter. Since nutrients are often limited being required by a cell for both growth and survival, a bacterium wants to maintain a high concentration of the nutrient within the cell.
As a result, it allows the nutrients to travel along its concentration gradient into the periplasm where it can be taken up and delivered to a transported by a substrate binding protein. Compared to the ABC transporters, a PTS system would have similar concentrations, except for inside the cell. As a nutrient enters a cell through the PTS system, it is phosphorylated. As a result, it is structurally/chemically different than the original nutrient. As nutrients enter the periplasm by diffusion along its concentration gradients, it would enter the cell by continuing to follow its concentration gradient as there are nutrients structurally/chemically similar to it. In comparison, the inside of the cell would technically have a lower concentration of a nutrient compared to both the periplasm and the outside