According To Singer's Etymologically, What Does Philosophy Mean?
PHIL 2200 REVIEW QUESTIONS1) Etymologically, what does Philosophy mean?
Ancient Greek: Philo – Love, Sophia – Wisdom/knowledge. The love of wisdom.2) What is epistemology?
Theories of knowledge
3) What is ontology?
The study of being.4) What is ethics?
A system of moral principles.5) According to Singer, what are four things that ethics are not?
Particularly concerned with sex
An ideal system which is useless in practice
Something only intelligible in context with religion
Relative or Subjective
6) Explain Singer’s argument against Deontology.
Singer says that the rules of deontology contradict each other. He thinks that it is not sophisticated enough and needs a hierarchy.
7) Why does Singer think that ethics cannot be relative? …show more content…
Are and must be universal.
8) Explain what it means to say that ethics involves a movement from the descriptive to the prescriptive.
Ethic involves a movement from saying how things are – to how things ought to be.
9) What does deontology mean?
The science/study of duty.10) What is the difference between a hypothetical imperative and a categorical imperative?
A hypothetical imperative represents a practical necessity concerned with the end. A Categorical imperative requires necessary action with no regard to ends.
11) What is Kant’s Categorical Imperative?
Kant says there is but one categorical imperative, “Act only on that maxim whereby thou canst at the same time will that it should become a universal law.”
12) What is the difference between a priori and a posteriori?
A priori – Prior to experience
A posteriori – That which comes after experience.
13) Why is autonomy important for Kant?
Autonomy – The ability to act morally objective rather than under the influence of personal desires. It allows us to assume we can treat others as ends, and will be treated as ends in ourselves.
14) What is …show more content…
Trying to assimilate differences under a similarity. (All desks are called desk.)
91) According to Nietzsche, what is truth?
A movable set of metaphors, metonymies and anthropomorphisms.
92) According to Nietzsche, what does it mean to be truthful?
To repeat the “lies of the herd.” Use the usual metaphors.
93) According to Nietzsche, how would one express truthfulness morally?
Tell the conventionally lies. You are being moral if you uphold the metaphors.
94) Why is truth telling utterly unimpressive?
Because it’s just repetition of something that was created by humanity.95) According to Nietzsche, why can science do no better at ascertaining truth?
It is just another structure to measure the world through our own metaphors. It is exactly as unimpressive as other truth telling.
96) What is the fundamental human drive according to Nietzsche?
The formation of metaphors. We have a fundamental drive towards being deceived and deceiving ourselves.
97) Why was Patricia Williams’ son believed to be color blind?
After being reinforced that “color doesn’t matter” he refused to recognize color. The teachers assumed there was a problem with the child, rather than realizing it was an effect of their
Ancient Greek: Philo – Love, Sophia – Wisdom/knowledge. The love of wisdom.2) What is epistemology?
Theories of knowledge
3) What is ontology?
The study of being.4) What is ethics?
A system of moral principles.5) According to Singer, what are four things that ethics are not?
Particularly concerned with sex
An ideal system which is useless in practice
Something only intelligible in context with religion
Relative or Subjective
6) Explain Singer’s argument against Deontology.
Singer says that the rules of deontology contradict each other. He thinks that it is not sophisticated enough and needs a hierarchy.
7) Why does Singer think that ethics cannot be relative? …show more content…
Are and must be universal.
8) Explain what it means to say that ethics involves a movement from the descriptive to the prescriptive.
Ethic involves a movement from saying how things are – to how things ought to be.
9) What does deontology mean?
The science/study of duty.10) What is the difference between a hypothetical imperative and a categorical imperative?
A hypothetical imperative represents a practical necessity concerned with the end. A Categorical imperative requires necessary action with no regard to ends.
11) What is Kant’s Categorical Imperative?
Kant says there is but one categorical imperative, “Act only on that maxim whereby thou canst at the same time will that it should become a universal law.”
12) What is the difference between a priori and a posteriori?
A priori – Prior to experience
A posteriori – That which comes after experience.
13) Why is autonomy important for Kant?
Autonomy – The ability to act morally objective rather than under the influence of personal desires. It allows us to assume we can treat others as ends, and will be treated as ends in ourselves.
14) What is …show more content…
Trying to assimilate differences under a similarity. (All desks are called desk.)
91) According to Nietzsche, what is truth?
A movable set of metaphors, metonymies and anthropomorphisms.
92) According to Nietzsche, what does it mean to be truthful?
To repeat the “lies of the herd.” Use the usual metaphors.
93) According to Nietzsche, how would one express truthfulness morally?
Tell the conventionally lies. You are being moral if you uphold the metaphors.
94) Why is truth telling utterly unimpressive?
Because it’s just repetition of something that was created by humanity.95) According to Nietzsche, why can science do no better at ascertaining truth?
It is just another structure to measure the world through our own metaphors. It is exactly as unimpressive as other truth telling.
96) What is the fundamental human drive according to Nietzsche?
The formation of metaphors. We have a fundamental drive towards being deceived and deceiving ourselves.
97) Why was Patricia Williams’ son believed to be color blind?
After being reinforced that “color doesn’t matter” he refused to recognize color. The teachers assumed there was a problem with the child, rather than realizing it was an effect of their