Acetone
INTRODUCTION
Acetone also called 2-propanone or dimelthyl ketone is the organic compound with the formula of (CH3)2CO. Acetone is one of the simplest of the organic compound that called ketones. The figure below showed the chemical structure of acetone:
Figure 1: Chemical structure of Acetone This chemical is the one of the most important in chemical industry due to their properties. It is a colorless liquid that has a characteristic of sweet odor and used as a nail polish remover. It is a flammable and volatile liquid, easily to evaporate and dissolved in water that can use in many solvent applications. The figure below showed the physical properties of acetone: Physical properties of Acetone | Properties | Value | Molecular Weight | 58.079 | Appearance | Colorless liquid | Specific gravity | 0.7880 | Melting point, °C | -94.6 | Boiling point at 101.3kPa, °C | 56.13 | Density, g/mL | 0.7898 | Refractive index, n20/D | 1.359 | Viscosity at 25°C, cps | 0.3075 |
Table 1: Physical properties of Acetone
The acetones are produced more than 5 million tonnes per year, especially in USA, Taiwan and China.
There are many methods to produced acetone; however there are two methods that usually used which are reaction of propylene and benzene to produce cumene which produce phenol and acetone and the dehydration of isopropyl alcohol to produce acetone. According to ICIS, about 90% of productions of acetone are by using cumene process and with each tonnes of phenol can produce 0.62 tonnes of acetone. It also state that the production of acetone via the dehydration of isopropyl alcohol had been declined. The figure below showed the advantages and disadvantages of both process:
Process | Advantages | Disadvantages | Cumene | * Uses a cheap raw material, benzene and propylene. * Produce two useful products, phenol and acetone. | * High environmental impact. * Use a high-corrosive catalyst. * High capital investment due
Acetone also called 2-propanone or dimelthyl ketone is the organic compound with the formula of (CH3)2CO. Acetone is one of the simplest of the organic compound that called ketones. The figure below showed the chemical structure of acetone:
Figure 1: Chemical structure of Acetone This chemical is the one of the most important in chemical industry due to their properties. It is a colorless liquid that has a characteristic of sweet odor and used as a nail polish remover. It is a flammable and volatile liquid, easily to evaporate and dissolved in water that can use in many solvent applications. The figure below showed the physical properties of acetone: Physical properties of Acetone | Properties | Value | Molecular Weight | 58.079 | Appearance | Colorless liquid | Specific gravity | 0.7880 | Melting point, °C | -94.6 | Boiling point at 101.3kPa, °C | 56.13 | Density, g/mL | 0.7898 | Refractive index, n20/D | 1.359 | Viscosity at 25°C, cps | 0.3075 |
Table 1: Physical properties of Acetone
The acetones are produced more than 5 million tonnes per year, especially in USA, Taiwan and China.
There are many methods to produced acetone; however there are two methods that usually used which are reaction of propylene and benzene to produce cumene which produce phenol and acetone and the dehydration of isopropyl alcohol to produce acetone. According to ICIS, about 90% of productions of acetone are by using cumene process and with each tonnes of phenol can produce 0.62 tonnes of acetone. It also state that the production of acetone via the dehydration of isopropyl alcohol had been declined. The figure below showed the advantages and disadvantages of both process:
Process | Advantages | Disadvantages | Cumene | * Uses a cheap raw material, benzene and propylene. * Produce two useful products, phenol and acetone. | * High environmental impact. * Use a high-corrosive catalyst. * High capital investment due
References: (n.d.). Retrieved March 24, 2013, from Iskandar Project Web site: http://www.iskandarproject.com/mission.html (n.d.) chemical profile acetone. (2007, November 26). Retrieved from icis: http://www.icis.com/Articles/2007/11/26/9080690/chemical-profile-acetone.html icis Business Gov In. (n.d.). Retrieved March 25, 2013, from Business Gov In Web site: http://business.gov.in/starting_business/sourcing_process.php Frank S Prasetyoko, M. a. (May 2011). Vanadium Contribution to the Surface . IPTEK, The Journal for Technology and Science, Vol. 22, No. 2. Stylianos Sifniades, A. B. (2011). Acetone. In Ullmann 's (pp. 258-270). (n.d.). Retrieved March 24, 2013, from Iskandar Project Web site: http://www.iskandarproject.com/mission.html (n.d.) chemical profile acetone. (2007, November 26). Retrieved from icis: http://www.icis.com/Articles/2007/11/26/9080690/chemical-profile-acetone.html icis Business Gov In. (n.d.). Retrieved March 25, 2013, from Business Gov In Web site: http://business.gov.in/starting_business/sourcing_process.php Frank S Prasetyoko, M. a. (May 2011). Vanadium Contribution to the Surface . IPTEK, The Journal for Technology and Science, Vol. 22, No. 2. Stylianos Sifniades, A. B. (2011). Acetone. In Ullmann 's (pp. 258-270).