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CHAPTER 5
Choosing the type of probability sampling
What you will learn in this chapter: •• •• •• •• •• •• The types of probability sampling and how they differ from each other Steps in carrying out the major probability sample designs The strengths and weaknesses of the various types of probability sampling Differences between stratified sampling and quota sampling Differences between stratified sampling and cluster sampling Differences between multistage cluster sampling and multiphase sampling

INTRODUCTION
Once a choice is made to use a probability sample design, one must choose the type of probability sampling to use. This chapter includes descriptions of the major types of probability sampling. It covers steps involved in their administration, their subtypes, their weaknesses and strengths, and guidelines for choosing among them. There are four major types of probability sample designs: simple random sampling, stratified sampling, systematic sampling, and cluster sampling (see Figure 5.1). Simple random sampling is the most recognized probability sampling procedure. Stratified sampling offers significant improvement to simple random sampling. Systematic sampling is probably the easiest one to use, and cluster sampling is most practical for large national surveys. These sampling procedures are described below.

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Sampling Essentials

Figure 5.1 Major Types of Probability Sampling

Probability Sample Designs

Simple Random Sampling

Stratified Sampling

Systematic Sampling

Cluster Sampling

SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING What Is Simple Random Sampling?
Simple random sampling is a probability sampling procedure that gives every element in the target population, and each possible sample of a given size, an equal chance of being selected. As such, it is an equal probability selection method (EPSEM).

What Are the Steps in Selecting a Simple Random Sample?
There are six major steps in selecting a simple random sample: 1. Define the

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