Analysis Of Machiavelli's Obligations '

In the sixteenth century, Machiavelli famously argued that it is better for rulers to be feared than loved. Furthermore, Machiavelli believes that Contrary to Machiavelli’s beliefs are those of Cicero and Seneca. For one, Cicero bases his justice of ruling on the four virtues: wisdom, justice, beneficence and temperance. Based on these four virtues, if rulers follow them, it would lead to more positive reinforcement from their people. For Seneca, mercy is key to showing and affirming power in leaders. Seneca argues that being able to have mercy on someone is a sign of strength for in any relationship, only the superior one has such power to give mercy. Lastly, Machiavelli believes that it is better to be feared than loved. This is based on the premise that using mercy is a sign of weakness and any means
Not only that, but being feared and effectively keeping up with one’s appearance can change circumstances drastically in terms of leading and guiding a group of people. Therefore, being feared is better than being loved on the condition that being virtuous and showing mercy is a sign of weakness and costly method of leading whereas using fear and force with an appearance overcomes any obstacles that may stand in its way for leaders to guide their people.
According to Cicero’s On Obligations, every aspect of life requires obligation. Obligation is aimed towards goodness and a moral guidance that shapes our lives. Furthermore, to do so we are guided by four cardinal virtues: wisdom and prudence, justice, beneficence, and temperance. Wisdom is the search for truth to promote happiness and useful knowledge. This should also not divert us from our service to the community (Cicero 2000, 13). Justice has two principles: no one should harm another and communal and private interests should both be maintained (Cicero 2000, 17). Justice is founded on good faith and contrary to justice is injustice. There are two forms of injustice: