away.
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This experiment was to use kinetics of projectile motion and free falling bodies to determine the distance a ball will travel after it hits a bounce plate. To determine this we had to use the equations x=(1/2)at2 and v=v0+at and derive an equation that will determine the distance the ball will travel based on the height of the bounce plate and the height of where the ball will be dropped above the bounce plate. The equation made was g*(sqrt(2)/sqrt(g))*(sqrt(H)*sqrt(h)). From here we can make an estimate of how far the ball will travel after it hits the bounce plate.…
The results that were observed from this lab helped prove what was hypothesized. As chart 1.4, 2.4 and 3.4 displayed the object dropped off of the 90 degree slope was the quickest to cross 200cm, had the highest velocity and the highest acceleration. This was because at 90 degrees the gravitational pull was…
The counterweight trebuchet was extremely effective however it was subject to a great deal of stress during operation leading to a shortened life cycle. In order to resolve this problem, the counterweight was placed upon a hinge. This allowed it to swing as it reached the bottom of its fall, consequently reducing the stress placed upon the frame and throwing arm. This redesign not only improved the life span of the device, but also increased the total distance traveled. By increasing the distance covered, engineers were able to also increase the rotational speed of the lever arm, thus increasing the launch speed and force of the projectile.…
For this project, a simple trebuchet was constructed of wood, with a cloth sling, and counter-weights in the forms of lead weights and a brick. The projectile was a golf ball. The trebuchet was secured by a pin, the “bucket” was loaded with counter-weights, and the golf…
For this, there were multiple controls that required attention. The first was marking at what the pencil was at between the two popsicle sticks in order to maintain constant elasticity in the popsicle sticks. As well, we would always place the entire catapult contraption at the start of a tile and measure from that tile in order to maintain a constant starting point and environment in which the gummy bears were launched. As well, in order to maintain the integrity of the experiment, we only used the same brand gummy bears from the Haribo Company. We consistently marked the point where we launched from on the catapult for all of the back position launches. Finally, we made sure that the popsicle sticks and the angled catapult were stable before each release in order to negate any possible impulse forces from an unstable launch pad.…
The best way to start an experiment is to ask a question. Our question is, “What is a trebuchet?” In answering this question, we will investigate nearly every aspect of a trebuchet, including but not limited to history, design, build, and theory. Our experiment was started with the help of a packet which contained much of this information, therefore the only thing that needed to be completed was the design and build, and the work that follows-testing, demonstrating, and reporting. From experience, the best way to build a kit is simplicity. We did not spend a lot of time designing, but rather using past ideas to base our design on. Our reason for this is that there has been hundreds of years since the creation of the trebuchet, and since it has been optimized, why try to “fix what isn’t broke?” As you can see in fig. 1, our initial design was extremely basic. Our build consisted of assembly, using the supplied supplies, testing, tweaking, and retesting. The main objective is to achieve consistency. We used2 L brackets as the initial main uprights, and eventually added a long straight piece to each to increase pivot point height. We supported these uprights by using 2 short flat pieces connecting the base and uprights at a 45° angle. Our arm is the piece most of the work was focused on. We tried to maximize the weight on the weight side of the arm, while minimizing the weight on the basket side of the arm. This was done by adding multiple brackets and hardware on the weight side, and by using lightweight pieces on the basket side. The basket was used and tied into the end of the arm, and a metal rod is used to hold the loop of the basket to determine launch angle. The majority of our procedure was based on the effect of the trebuchet, and being able to correct any deficiencies.…
After the catapult is built, we will have to use a Protractor for when we pull the fork back to match up with both angles. Then, after we pull it back we let go and see how far each object went for each angle. After we launch the launch angles for 32° are; 3.1ft, 7 ft, 7.3ft, 8.6ft, 9 ft, 9.2ft, 10 ft, 12.7ft, 13.1ft, and 14.5ft. For 25°, the launch angles are ; 2.1ft , 4.3ft, 5 ft, 6ft, 7ft, 8ft, 8.3ft, 8.11ft, 10.11ft, and 22.4ft. Then you when you turn them into inches and after that when you add they together you would get 1129 for 32° and 993 for…
Record the results from step one of the experiment (dropping the objects in the air):…
In this report I would select McDonald’s Co. to review their marketing plan, and then determine their strategies and tactics that relate to the company’s stakeholders implementation roles.…
For example, engineers had to use the correct ratio between the diameter and length of the elastic bundles in the torsion springs (10). Also, formulas were invented, one even using the cube root, which was not fully understood by Greek mathematicians when invented. Even more remarkable, to create these equations, understanding of types of energy must be had, and these were not completely known until the 1700s (12). What makes these formulas even more amazing were their use. Duncan B. Campbell wrote a paper called Ancient Catapults Some Hypotheses Reexamined. In it, he examines different aspects of the catapult that have been misunderstood. In a section where Campbell talks about the torsion principal, he explains how a specific sized arrow was used in a catapult corresponding to that size. This meant that each catapult had to be built with the final size projectile in mind. This also meant that the size of any catapult could be so a different size arrow could be used. Campbell writes, “By the mid-3rd century, ancient artificers had decided upon an optimum set of proportions for the arrow-shooting catapult, so that any given design could be scaled up to produce weapons of different calibers. The basic module was the thickness of the torsion spring, most easily expressed as the inner diameter of the washer through which the spring was fed (Campbell 684). This meant that the ancient engineers understood the required relationship between the thickness of the torsion bundles and the result that would have on the catapult. This is amazing because their understanding of this relationship must have been so great that we're able to predict accurately what sized catapult was needed for a specific sized…
Catapults are one of the most famous ancient siege weapons among others including battering rams and siege towers. It has been mostly recognized as a weapon of the medieval era, but earliest records of catapults been used by a Greek task force in battles at just 399 BC. It was described by the historian Diodorus Sicilus as a “mechanical arrow-firing catapult”. Writings show that it was invented by Dionysus, the Elder of Syracuse.…
Objects with large surface areas, such as parachutes or shuttlecocks fall more slowly because they experience more air resistance.…
* Trebuchet- “The word "Trebuchet" is originally French, and meant something like "to fall over or rotate about the middle" as in a see-saw rotating on its axle. It also seems to have meant a big, heavy beam. Today a Trebuchet is any kind of catapult that is powered by a massive counterweight on one end of an arm, and a sling on the other end. This includes Perriers, or "traction" trebuchets which are powered by a mass of people pulling one end of the arm with ropes.” ("All about Catapults.") (Trebuchet Castelnaud.)…
I am Jessica Bogde and the title of my project is, “The Catapult.” I chose to do this project because in the fourth grade, one of my peers inspired me to build a catapult because she built it as her Science Fair Project. I also wanted to do this project because I love building things and this project just added to my experience in building things. I chose to work alone on this project because I work faster when I am independent because other people mess around sometimes. I also chose to do this alone because I couldn’t find anyone that wanted to build a catapult, too.…
Objective: The objective of this lab assignment is to determine if objects with different masses fall at the same rate or varying rates in the presence of air and in a vacuum.…