Preview

Are The Group Avarege Results For Dose Response Of Nitrofurantoin

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1736 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Are The Group Avarege Results For Dose Response Of Nitrofurantoin
Ames Test Reversion Assay

Table 1. Group avarege results for Dose response of nitrofurantoin in different concentrations (µg/ml)

Concentration (Dose) Plate 1 Plate 2 Average
0 89 73 81
6.25 124 162 143
12.5 259 202 230.5
25 298 279 288.5
50 305 310 307.5

Concentration (µg/ml) Average
0 100.8182
6.25 178.8636
12.5 223.7121
25 289.5758
50 353.7424
Table 2. Class average Dose response of nitrofurantoin in different concentrations (µg/ml)

Figure 1. Graph dose response of nitrofurantoin in different concentration (µg/ml)

As the concentration gets higher the, the level of mutagenicity present in the agar increases as well, so the colonies count increased.

Questions
1. Using control plate for this test is extremely important
…show more content…
Auxotroph are produced by a mutation that takes place in a prototroph , auxotroph’s cannot synthesize the amino acid histidine and are not able to grow the agar contain the nutrients required for growth . The Ames test uses the mutations that may occur in auxotroph. Auxotroph are measured first because can be identified as a product of a mutation. Fixsen …show more content…
5. Control wells define whether the test was completed correctly, positive controls normally show what the sample would look like if there was a presence of an antigen, and negative control shows what the sample would look like with no antigens present. Crowther (1995)

6. A false positive test indicates that the patient has the disease, when the person really does not. A false positive is always followed by more e.g. Western Blotting.
If wrong reagents were added, this would be considered a technical error. Melina (2010)
7. A false negative test indicates that the patient does not have the disorder, when the patient has the disease. E.g. negative control well can be wrongly filled with other subspaces, causing an experimental error Melina (2010)
8. The term ‘’window period’’ is used to define the time after contracting the HIV virus and HIV-antibody production to be found in the blood taken accurately test the presence of the virus.
This is important because having HIV virus does not mean the patient has AIDS, which are the last stages of the disease. Barash

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Physioex 12 Answers

    • 825 Words
    • 4 Pages

    A positive result with a negative control indicates a “false positive” and your results are invalidated.…

    • 825 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    CAUA 8

    • 1452 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Q 3: Perform the following tests of controls. For each control state the command or commands that you did to test the control and the results of the test.…

    • 1452 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Est1 Task 4

    • 1408 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Undertake tests of internal control to ensure that design and operation are consistent with the understanding obtained in the overview in step (i). Test design to determine effectiveness of control when operated properly. Test operation of control to confirm nature, frequency and extent.…

    • 1408 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Pesticides are toxic and go through many different testings and procedures before they are put on the shelf in various industries. One general method that is used to asses toxicity of pesticides before released for sale is the LD50 (Lethal Dose 50) method. This method is conducted by calculating the most accurate dose of toxin that will kill animals 50% of the time. Before determining an accurate LD50 of a chemical however, a range finding analysis of the chemical will be performed in order to calculate the most accurate LD50. Undergoing this procedure includes using a wide-spread range of concentrations which are mostly preformed at log dose intervals. (H.P. Rang, M.M. Dale, J.M. Ritter and R.J. Flower, 2007).…

    • 1605 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Increasing concentrations enhances the fractional occupancy of the drug. The dose concentration curve gets closer to the top plateau but never reaches it. As a result there can be no EC100. (GraphPad Software, 2012). It was relevant to determine 90% concentration, which is a submaximal value, of phenylephrine from the individual dose-response curve and use it as a standard concentration.…

    • 893 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Serological testing

    • 262 Words
    • 2 Pages

    1. Describe how you were able to determine what antigen is in the unknown well.…

    • 262 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    sarbox scooter

    • 3770 Words
    • 16 Pages

    order to plan the nature and extent of the testing of controls. To help students understand the role of testing coverage in terms of…

    • 3770 Words
    • 16 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Properties of Gases

    • 1568 Words
    • 7 Pages

    b. Take the rubber stopper with the pipet hole and gas tubing in the top and cap the test tube tightly. Take some tissue paper, a couple mm thick, and use it to help level your test tube in the well plate. Watch what happens.…

    • 1568 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Knapps Relational Stages

    • 481 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Knapp’s Relational Stages, as found in the class notes, can be defined as the following. “A model of relational stages that breaks the rise and fall of relationships into ten stages comprising two broad phases of ‘coming together’ and ‘coming apart’ which are overlapped by a third phase called ‘relational maintenance’; the ten stages are initiating, experimenting, intensifying, integrating, bonding, differentiation, circumscribing, stagnating, avoiding, and terminating.”…

    • 481 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Immune System Case Study

    • 878 Words
    • 4 Pages

    * Blood is drawn to detect HIV antigens; If it is negative, he should be retested in 3 weeks, 6 weeks and 3 months because of delayed antibody detection. If it is positive, the test is repeated. If it is positive again, they do a Western blot or immunofluorescence assay and then if all are positive, the patient is reported as HIV antibody positive.…

    • 878 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Triclosan Essay

    • 1923 Words
    • 8 Pages

    2. Fang JL, Stingley RL, Beland FA, et al. Occurrence, efficacy, metabolism, and toxicity of triclosan. Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Environmental carcinogenesis & ecotoxicology reviews. 2010;28(3):147.…

    • 1923 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Experimental Design: A ray box with a single slit will be shone through a semicircular dish…

    • 417 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    AIDS is the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome where the immunity is severely damaged and lowers the bodies ability to resistance infection. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. Fluid from an infected person much encounter a mucous membrane, the bloodstream, or a cut or injured area of another person to transmit the virus ((Davis). Early symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and a sore throat within two to four weeks of being infected. There are three phases to the disease. Thee first stage includes the acute infection and many people do not experience any symptoms. The second stage is known as clinical latency and means that the virus is dormant and reproduces much slower rate than in the acute phase. The second stage can last for one decade although it sometimes progresses faster. The third stage is AIDS. Individuals have low T-cell counts and compromised immune system that make them easily susceptible to infections and cancer (Davis). Social and economic consequence of HIV include loss of job and income, decreased family income, increased expenses for seeking care, and greater economic consequence, shown by selling assets. Those with AIDS deal with the social measures of being discriminated against along with their physical, mental, and social wellbeing. The disease can lead to a weakened family support…

    • 1437 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    epidemiology HIV

    • 1204 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the body by weakening the immune system. Once people get infected by the virus it remains in the body for life; some of the symptoms that can be expected are diarrhea, fever, headache, mouth soar, night sweat, and swollen lymph nodes, followed more serious illness with progression of the virus. However, many people reported having no symptoms and don’t even know they have the virus until they are diagnosed. After the patient is diagnose the patient can lived for a number of years before experiencing severe health issues, during this period the person with the disease could transfer the virus from one person to another. The virus is transfer from one…

    • 1204 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Joe & Rachelle Friedman opened their first music store on Park Row in New York City in 1971, where they sold vinyl LPs of the current chart-toppers. Since that time, the business has expanded steadily. J&R now covers a massive city block across from City Hall Park in the heart of Downtown Manhattan. The stores are a “must-see” for many tourists and a “must-shop” for New Yorkers in the know. J&R’s business, too, has expanded. J&R Music & Computer World not only sells an incredible array of CDs and a vast selection of to[ computer goods, but also digital cameras, cell phones, TVs, stereos, MP3 players, DVDs, kitchen appliances and much more. They have developed a loyal base of customers around the world through our catalogues and through JR.com (launched in 1998). In fact, J&R is the only company to receive two separate “Retailor-of-the-Year” awards and, in 2010, Joe and Rachelle were inducted in to the Hall of Fame by the Consumer Electronics Association.…

    • 864 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays