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Articular Cartilage Lesions: a Practical Guide to Assessment and Treatment

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Articular Cartilage Lesions: a Practical Guide to Assessment and Treatment
1.0 Abstract This paper is done to study one particular catalyst which is zeolite supported iron catalyst. Zeolite supported iron catalyst is prepared using a method where it is based on the reaction of a metal exchanged zeolite with a metal containing coordination compound which produces an insoluble compound distributed throughout the zeolite. The metal used will be a specifically a water soluble metal cyanide complex where in this case it is iron. The catalyst is being used in various industries and the two main industries that use it will be the removal of nitrogen oxides in industrial exhaust gas and for the catalytic cracking of heavy oil. Finally this catalyst is being characterized using three methods which are the infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction as well as the TGA and DTA methods.

2.0 Introduction Catalyst is a substance that causes the change in rate of a chemical reaction. This reaction is known as catalysis and unlike other reagents that take part in a chemical reaction catalyst can be reused again as it will not be consumed by the reaction. Catalyst functions by offering a pathway for a reaction with a lower activation, therefore allowing for an increased rate of reaction. The catalyst that I have chosen to be discussed is iron catalysts. Iron is a transition metal catalysts where the commonly used supports for the groundwork of metal oxides catalysts are inorganic oxides with micropores, mesopores, macropores and a high surface area. In this case the iron catalyst will be supported by zeolite which is widely used as a catalyst as well as a support in various industries such as petroleum industry, nuclear industry and biogas industry. The main reason this support is chosen is due to its highly porous structure. Therefore zeolites are used for variety of applications. Zeolite is a crystalline type support. It has three dimensions structure hence a large surface area and also a micropores type pore dimensions. Zeolites are also



References: Stauffer.E, Dolan.J.A, Newman.R. Fire Debris Analysis. 1st ed. United States . Academic Press; 2007 Latourrette.B, Raincy L.Preparation of Type Y Zeolites. US450559(Patent);1985 Iida.H, Lino.A. Catalysts for the Catalytic Cracking of Heavy Oil. US4443552(Patent);1984 Billowa.M, Lutzb.W, Suckowc.M . Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis . Vol 123. Germany. Elsevier; 1999 Farnos.M.D, Mcwilliams.J.P, Sharma.S.B. Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides Using an Iron Impregnated Zeolite Catalyst. US5451387(Patent);1995 Ross.J.R.H. Heterogeneous Catalysis.1st ed. Amstredam.Elsevier;2012  Bhadeshia.H.K.D.H. Thermal Analysis Technique. http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/phase-trans/2002/Thermal1.pdf (accessed 4 January 13). Hagen.J. Industrial Catalysis: A Practical Approach. 2nd ed. United States . John Wiley & Sons; 2006 Scherzer.J, Fort.D. A New Preparation Method. Zeolite-Supported Metal Catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch Reactions.1981;71(2):111-118 Coats.A.W, Redfern.J.P. Thermogravimetric analysis. A review . Analyst.1963;88(1053):906

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