November 11, 2013
CCJ 2000
Hate crimes is a category used to describe bias motivation and it occurs when a perpetrator targets a victim because of his or her racial group, religion, sexual orientation, ethnicity and gender identity. Hate crime can be categorized by assault, injury, and murder. Criminal acts can include aggravated assault, assault, battery, vandalism, rape, threats, arson, and trespassing and stalking. Hate crimes usually involve convenient vulnerable targets who are incapable of fighting back. Factors that produce hate crimes are poor or uncertain economic conditions, racial stereotypes in films and on tv, scapegoating, and hate filled talk shows. The nature and extent of hate crimes according to FBI about 7,000 hate crimes incidents involving 8,000 victims occur each year. Although 7,000 hate related incidents seem like it’s a lot many hate crimes go unreported. Because of the extent and seriousness a number of legal jurisdictions have made a special effort to control the spread of hate crimes. Specific hate crimes laws originated after the Civil War that were designated to protect the rights of freed slaves. It is unfair to punish criminals motivated by hate more than those who commit similar crimes motivated by revenge. Recent research by McDevitt and his associates that made use of bias crime records collected by the Boston police supports Lawrence position. Mcdevitt found that the victims of bias crime experience more severe post-crime psychological trauma, for a longer period of time than do victims of similar crimes that are motivated by hate or bias. Hate crime victims are more than likely to suffer intrusive thoughts, feelings of danger, nervousness and depression of a higher level than other crime victims. People who are constantly exposed to violence in the environment may adopt violent methods themselves. Children living in areas marked by extreme violence may eventually become desensitized to persistent brutality.