Basic Metabolism
Basic metabolism
Topics covered today: 1. Concept of equilibrium and Gibb’s free energy 2. Catalysis 3. Energy carrier molecules 4. (reading: 65-88)
Keeping a system organized requires energy * Maintain structures * Create-and re-create the building blocks * Reorganize/adapt * Two categories of metabolism * Catabolism: get energy by breaking down food (bimolecular). * Anabolic pathways: use energy to build molecules.
Second law of thermodynamic * The degree of disorder in isolated systems or universe only increases * Entropy is a measure of disorder within a system * A positive entropy change spontaneously favors a reaction (if this reaction makes S increases, it’s favored) * (translates as “releasing heat to the sea surrounding the system * It takes energy to be organized lol
* A cell is like an island of organization and it’s constantly fighting the sea of disorder to be organized. * Cells use energy from bonds of biomolecules (energy in bond is enthalpy) * Trade off is heat
Table of approximate chem. Composition of e-coli shows that vast majority of energy goes into making macromolecules. * You can make polysaccharides from sugars * Fats/lipids/membrane from fatty acids * Proteins are built from amino acids * Anucleic acids from nuceltodies * We get those building blocks from food and use energy to organize them into functional units.
Pathway of molecule A to F.
Know the abbreviation
* However, most of the times pathways are not isolated but intertwined. * System biology (study of biology by seeing it as a system using bioinformatics tool)
First law of thermodynamics * Energy can be converted from one form to another but cannot be created nor destroyed. * Biological systems energy is stored and managed within chemical bonds * Enthalpy: energy store in the bond
Sunlight as source of energy * Chlorophyll molecule is
Topics covered today: 1. Concept of equilibrium and Gibb’s free energy 2. Catalysis 3. Energy carrier molecules 4. (reading: 65-88)
Keeping a system organized requires energy * Maintain structures * Create-and re-create the building blocks * Reorganize/adapt * Two categories of metabolism * Catabolism: get energy by breaking down food (bimolecular). * Anabolic pathways: use energy to build molecules.
Second law of thermodynamic * The degree of disorder in isolated systems or universe only increases * Entropy is a measure of disorder within a system * A positive entropy change spontaneously favors a reaction (if this reaction makes S increases, it’s favored) * (translates as “releasing heat to the sea surrounding the system * It takes energy to be organized lol
* A cell is like an island of organization and it’s constantly fighting the sea of disorder to be organized. * Cells use energy from bonds of biomolecules (energy in bond is enthalpy) * Trade off is heat
Table of approximate chem. Composition of e-coli shows that vast majority of energy goes into making macromolecules. * You can make polysaccharides from sugars * Fats/lipids/membrane from fatty acids * Proteins are built from amino acids * Anucleic acids from nuceltodies * We get those building blocks from food and use energy to organize them into functional units.
Pathway of molecule A to F.
Know the abbreviation
* However, most of the times pathways are not isolated but intertwined. * System biology (study of biology by seeing it as a system using bioinformatics tool)
First law of thermodynamics * Energy can be converted from one form to another but cannot be created nor destroyed. * Biological systems energy is stored and managed within chemical bonds * Enthalpy: energy store in the bond
Sunlight as source of energy * Chlorophyll molecule is