Leta Hollingworth was an early American pioneer researcher in gender psychology. She is often overlooked and underrepresented in the field of psychology. Leta Hollingworth was born on May 25th, 1886 to Margaret Elinor Danley and John G. Stetter near Chadron, Nebraska. She was the eldest of three daughters, followed by Ruth and Margaret in close sequence. Leta’s mother died after the birth of the youngest daughter and shortly after the death of Leta’s mother, her father John left his three daughters behind to be raised by his late wife’s parents, Margaret and Samuel Danley. Leta now had no mother and was still separated from her father. Growing up in her grandparent’s log cabin was not an entirely negative experience because she felt as though she benefited from it in the future. However, life may have gotten worse for Leta when her father returned to reclaim the custody of his children he earlier left behind. When Leta was 12 years old, she and her two sisters were taken to Valentine, Nebraska to live with their step-mother who was verbally abusive and their father that they barely knew. “Their father, John Stetter had remarried to Fanny Berling, a woman who was verbally abusive towards her step-children and completely authoritarian (Klein, 2000).” Leta dreaded those four years…
New theories in physics and psychology in the period from 1900-1939 challenged existing ideas about the individual and society. Many new philosophies and scientific discoveries challenged the teachings of the Catholic Church. Other scientific theories and discoveries challenged the way people thought of how the world worked. Realism and modernism frowned upon the hypocrisy, brutality, and dullness[1] of the bourgeois life and appealed to the aesthetic. Behavioral Sciences rejected the way most people thought the mind worked.…
Feminism has been born through decades of ignorance and misguidance, a perception of a weaker sex, and a belief that equality is not truly meant for all. Because of this deprivation of equality and privileges that exist exclusively for men, decades of work have been put forth from the feminist movement to ensure that no woman will any longer be held back or have opportunities revoked simply for having the status of a “weaker” gender. Before taking this class, I was hesitant to ever label myself in such a manner and questioned those who had, but after reading Penny Weiss’ revealing piece “I am not a feminist, but …” I no longer have that same reluctance.…
Throughout the decades, human beings from a small age start learning the characteristics of a male and female. Whether it is from media, clothing and to the way one is brought up, society has similar views of what it means to be a man or a women. Men are envisioned to be strong, aggressive, successful, and someone who avoids feminine characteristics. Women are perceived to be submissive, delicate, passive, dependent, vulnerable, having the ability to care for children and at times worthless. These views of gender identity have been engraved in humanities minds due to the amount of exposure to television, advertisements and the way one is raised in their households.…
Harding, S. G. (1991). Whose science? Whose knowledge?: Thinking from women’s lives. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.…
In The Power of the Positive Woman, author Phyllis Schlafly sets out to redefine the dogmas of womanhood and introduce the Positive Woman, defined as someone who recognizes that women and men are different, and that those differences “provide the key to her success and fulfillment as a woman.” Rather than trying to eliminate the degradation of women, she claims that these dogmas have the opposite effect and demean women even more. On the contrary, Schlafly argues that these same differences some are trying to get rid of are essential and practical. In fact, the human race itself could not have evolved and thrived to the current scale without these sexual differences. Instead of the desire for uniformity, Schlafly encourages the recognition and benefit from diversity.…
Population of people believe in many of his theories. All of his contributions in addition to the ones discussed did play an important role especially in today’s psychology.…
Simply gaining a place in the study of psychology was no small feat. It took countless women, over the course of many decades, just to earn the right to discuss theories of their own psyche. Now that women had a voice in psychology, it was the goal of many female psychologists to demolish the weak and incapable social image of women that male psychologists had promoted for so many decades. Even before Sigmund Freud’s implication of his degrading theories towards women, men had the power to manipulate, control, and brand women because they were the only holders of authority. The concept that women were controlled by their reproductive systems was almost regarded as fact and supported the beliefs that women were feeble and “highly nervous by…
Psychology’s most famous figure is also one of the most influential and controversial thinkers of the twentieth century.…
This concept is one of the deepest and most lasting legacies in the history of psychology. It is a crucial concept because it is through studying the history of psychology that one is able to gain perspective and a deeper understanding of modern psychology. By studying the history of this field and understanding the approaches from different philosopher’s, modern psychology can dissect previous mistakes and try to avoid them. Another benefit that comes from studying the history is the formation of new ideas that can be discovered and the natural curiosity that arises from something thought to be important (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 23).…
You see, I had never been explicitly exposed to the socially-propagated idea that women are emotionally unstable. When I found out, I felt rather embarrassed in not only being sexist, but in being so trite and un-profound in doing so. I am simply an observer of humanity, and although some people might suggest that I have internalized institutional misogyny, herein lies the purpose of my short essay.…
“Modern science has freed people’s consciousness from many myths, having shown them to be illusory and politically partisan. For instance, no one would now dare to claim that one race or nationality is superior to another, that a particular religion is the only true one, or that a certain political system is the only possible one. However, a number of stereotypes remain unchanged” (Kliuchko 16). These stereotypes are generalizations about gender attributes and the role of an individual, which authors use to describe and evaluate the behaviors of their characters. I’ll be comparing and contrasting gender stereotypes in “a sorrowful woman” by Gayle Godwin and “Separating” by John Updike. The division of labor according to gender leads to stereotypes that rationalize the division of labor. For example, because women disproportionately occupy roles that require nurturing behavior, people come to see women as a group as more nurturing. Men’s overrepresentation in positions of status and power leads to stereotypes of men as independent and agentic. Importantly, the consequences of gender stereotypes are not limited to the perception of others (Ryan et al 2004).…
Psychological perspectives have changed as the field of psychology has progressed. There are a few perspectives that have core values that have remained steadfast even in today 's pool of theories. John Watson, B.F. Skinner, and Edward Tolman, all had theories that remain the foundation for many schools of thought in psychology today. This paper will compare and contrast these theories.…
seen as inconclusive, but they laid the foundations for what is now a large and influential area of research. Psychologists realized…
A new idea is never accepted easily; when an idea first comes into existence many questions are raised before the notion convinces anyone. Along with a new theory comes many new controversies and critiques which go against the bright new idea. An example of a brilliant idea which still has many controversies surrounding it is the notion of evolutionary psychology. As this field progresses into the world, many brilliant scientists from around the world reason why they think it’s false. Both supporters and adversaries not only helped shed light for each other, but also helped shed light in helping me decide whether I wanted to stand behind this new field, or be among the many that decline it.…