Benzene

Benzene

1

Benzene
Benzene

Identifiers
[1]

CAS number

71-43-2

PubChem

241

ChemSpider

236

UNII

J64922108F

EC number

200-753-7

KEGG

C01407

ChEBI

CHEBI:16716

ChEMBL

CHEMBL277500

RTECS number

CY1400000

Jmol-3D images

Image 1

[2]
[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

Properties
Molecular formula

CH

Molar mass

78.11 g mol−1

Appearance

Colorless liquid

Odor

aromatic, gasoline-like

6 6

Benzene

2
Density

0.8765(20) g/cm3

Melting point

5.5 °C, 278.7 K, 41.9 °F

Boiling point

80.1 °C, 353.3 K, 176.18 °F

Solubility in water

1.79 g/L (15 °C)

Solubility

soluble in alcohol, chloroform, CCl4, diethyl ether, acetone

log P

2.13

Vapor pressure

10 kPa

λmax

255 nm

Magnetic susceptibility

54.8 x 10−6 cm3/mol

Refractive index (nD)

1.50108

Viscosity

0.652 cP at 20 °C

Dipole moment

0D
Thermochemistry

Std enthalpy of o formation ΔfH 298

48.7 kJ/mol

Standard molar o entropy S 298

173.26 J/K mol

Specific heat capacity, C

136.0 J/K mol
Hazards

MSDS

External MSDS

EU classification

•
•
•
•

R-phrases

R45, R46, R11, R16, R36/38,R48/23/24/25, R65

S-phrases

S53, S45

Flammable (F)
Carc. Cat. 1
Muta. Cat. 2
Toxic (T)

NFPA 704

Flash point

−11.63 °C; 11.07 °F; 261.52 K

Autoignition temperature

497.78 °C; 928.00 °F; 770.93 K

Explosive limits

1.2–7.8%

LD

930 mg/kg (rat, oral)

50

Related compounds
Related compounds

•
•

toluene borazine Supplementary data page
Structure and properties n, ε , etc. r Benzene

3
Thermodynamic
data

Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas

Spectral data

UV, IR, NMR, MS (verify)

[10]

(what is: / ?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C or 77 °F, 100 kPa)

Infobox references

Benzene is

References: [16] Mansfield, Charles Blachford (1849) "Untersuchung des Steinkohlentheers" (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=kD4aAQAAMAAJ& pg=PA162) (Investigation of coal tar), Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie, vol [17] Charles Mansfield filed for (November 11, 1847) and received (May 1848) a patent (no. 11,960) for the fractional distillation of coal tar. [19] J. Loschmidt, Chemische Studien (Vienna, Austria-Hungary: Carl Gerold 's Sohn, 1861), pp. 30, 65 (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=ksw5AAAAcAAJ& pg=PA30). [21] Rocke, A. J. (2010) Image and Reality: Kekule, Kopp, and the Scientific Imagination, University of Chicago Press, pp. 186–227, ISBN 0226723356. [23] Claus, Adolph K.L. (1867) Theoretische Betrachtungen und deren Anwendungen zur Systematik der organischen Chemie (Theoretical considerations and their applications to the classification scheme of organic chemistry), Freiburg, Germany, p [24] Dewar, James (1867) "On the oxidation of phenyl alcohol, and a mechanical arrangement adapted to illustrate structure in the non-saturated hydrocarbons," (http:/ / books [25] Ladenburg, Albert (1869) "Bemerkungen zur aromatischen Theorie" (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=Epg8AAAAIAAJ& pg=PA140) (Observations on the aromatic theory), Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft 2: 140–142. [26] Armstrong, Henry E. (1887) "An explanation of the laws which govern substitution in the case of benzenoid compounds," (http:/ / books. [27] Thiele, Johannes (1899) "Zur Kenntnis der ungesättigten Verbindungen" (On our knowledge of unsaturated compounds), Justus Liebig’s Annalen der Chemie,306: 87–266; see: "VIII 125–129. (http:/ / books. google. je/ books?id=NYw8AAAAIAAJ& pg=RA1-PA125) See further: Thiele (1901) "Zur Kenntnis der ungesättigen Verbindungen," Justus Liebig’s Annalen der Chemie, 319: 129–143. [30] Gillis, Jean "Auguste Kekulé et son oeuvre, realisee a Gand de 1858 a 1867," Memoires de l 'Academie Royale de Belgique, 37:1 (1866), 1–40. environmentalhealthnews. org/ ehs/ newscience/ benzene-linked-to-neural-tube-birth-defects/ ). Environmentalhealthnews.org (2010-10-26). environmentalhealthnews. org/ ehs/ newscience/ benzene-linked-to-sperm-abnormalities). Environmentalhealthnews.org (2010-02-16). osha. gov/ pls/ oshaweb/ owadisp. show_document?p_table=INTERPRETATIONS& p_id=24730). Osha.gov (2003-10-16). Retrieved on 2010-10-09.