Bio110 Study Guide
Study guide Exam 1 Ch 1-5
CH 1
Overview, what is evolution, what is biology, what is life
Evolution scientific explanation for: the unity and diversity we see in various organisms the suitability of organisms to their environments is evolution
Hierarchy – molecules, cells, tissue, organ, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, biosphere
Emergent properties – zooming from molecular level out to see function
Reductionism (complex to simple) and Systems Biology (dynamic)
Organisms interact with their environment (living and nonliving) to cycle nutrients and energy flow
Relationship of structure and function (bird wing bones)
Cells (eukaryotic vs prokaryotic)
DNA, genes, and gene expression
Mechanisms regulation (positive and negative feedback)
Taxonomy : 3 domains (bacteria, eukarya, archaea); eukarya kingdoms (plantae, fungi, animalia)
Unity in diversity (Darwin – descent with modification and natural selection)
Scientific inquiry (discovery – inductive) (hypothesis based- deductive)
CH2
Matter and mass
Element (substance that cannot be broken down into further substances)
Atom (smallest unit of an element) – subatomic particles (neutrons, protons, electrons)
Compound (2 or more)
Atomic number - # of protons
Atomic mass = # of neutrons and protons
Ion – total number of electrons doesn’t equal # of protons (anion gained electrons, cation lost electrons)
Electron shells, orbitals, valency, rule of 8
Bonds = ionic, covalent (polar, nonpolar), hydrogen, Van der walls
Electronegativity
Relationship of molecular shape and function of molecules (morphine and endorphins)
Making and breaking chemical bonds (photosynthesis – co2 + h20 = glucose and 02)
Balancing chemical equations
CH3
Water – hydrogen bonding very important
Cohesion (like molecules), Adhesion(differing)
Moderate temperature (aborb heat by breaking bonds, release heat by making bonds)
Heat and Temperature, how are they related how do they differ (volume!)
Water
CH 1
Overview, what is evolution, what is biology, what is life
Evolution scientific explanation for: the unity and diversity we see in various organisms the suitability of organisms to their environments is evolution
Hierarchy – molecules, cells, tissue, organ, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, biosphere
Emergent properties – zooming from molecular level out to see function
Reductionism (complex to simple) and Systems Biology (dynamic)
Organisms interact with their environment (living and nonliving) to cycle nutrients and energy flow
Relationship of structure and function (bird wing bones)
Cells (eukaryotic vs prokaryotic)
DNA, genes, and gene expression
Mechanisms regulation (positive and negative feedback)
Taxonomy : 3 domains (bacteria, eukarya, archaea); eukarya kingdoms (plantae, fungi, animalia)
Unity in diversity (Darwin – descent with modification and natural selection)
Scientific inquiry (discovery – inductive) (hypothesis based- deductive)
CH2
Matter and mass
Element (substance that cannot be broken down into further substances)
Atom (smallest unit of an element) – subatomic particles (neutrons, protons, electrons)
Compound (2 or more)
Atomic number - # of protons
Atomic mass = # of neutrons and protons
Ion – total number of electrons doesn’t equal # of protons (anion gained electrons, cation lost electrons)
Electron shells, orbitals, valency, rule of 8
Bonds = ionic, covalent (polar, nonpolar), hydrogen, Van der walls
Electronegativity
Relationship of molecular shape and function of molecules (morphine and endorphins)
Making and breaking chemical bonds (photosynthesis – co2 + h20 = glucose and 02)
Balancing chemical equations
CH3
Water – hydrogen bonding very important
Cohesion (like molecules), Adhesion(differing)
Moderate temperature (aborb heat by breaking bonds, release heat by making bonds)
Heat and Temperature, how are they related how do they differ (volume!)
Water