Note: This graph presents information on predator-prey interactions. It also provides information, indirectly, about intraspecific competition.…
Our biological history comes into play during our physical reaction to stress. This is the…
During strenuous times, our body undergoes many physiological changes in order to aid our survival, and this is an inherited function (Canon’s ‘fight or flight’ theory). Stress in small doses, in fact is needed and useful to humans, however long term stress can take its toll on the body. The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model was developed by Selye to explain the effects of exposure to stressor. The GAS model consists of these 3 stages; Alarm – when our HPAC and SAM pathways are activated, causing stress related hormones like adrenaline and cortisol to be releases into blood, which in turn, converts to glucose, giving the body a sudden surge of energy, allowing ‘fight or flight’ like behaviours, until the stressor is gone and the parasympathetic nervous pathway activates, allowing us to calm down. Resistance – When the stressor remains however the person appears unaffected on the outside, but internally the stress related effects are occurring, e.g. stress hormones still being released and a continued elevation in heart rate. The resistance stage can harm health, as the immune system is not as effective. However the body attempts to resist disease. Further stressors make this much harder. Exhaustion – stressor still persists (and would now be referred to as Chronic stress) and Selye claimed that the body’s defences can no longer cope with the demands that are made, resources are drained, causing a drastic fall in blood sugar levels, and our adrenal glands no longer function properly. However this is inaccurate, which is a criticism of the GAS model, as while the body is ‘exhausted’ in terms of full ability, it could still perform if immediate action and release of energy was needed. It is also believed that many of the long lasting effects of raised stress hormones is what causes stress related illnesses, rather than the body’s sources being depleted. The study lacks ecological…
The structure gives it a slightly positive and slightly negative charge giving it the ability to dissolve substances.…
As stress we all know is a normal physical response to events that give us the feeling of threatned or a unbalance in the mind. Whether, it is danger we fear or if it is real living events the way the body reacts to stress it automatically high gears in a fast, way that it process what we recall as…
According to Wikipedia (2013), “stress is an organism 's response to a stressor such as an environmental condition or a stimulus. Stress is a body 's way to react to a challenge. The body 's way to respond to stress is by the sympathetic nervous system which results in the Fight-or-Flight response. Stress typically describes a negative condition or a positive condition that can have an impact on an organism 's mental and physical well-being”. Research has shown that being too tense and/or living with too much stress has a significant negative impact on our lives.…
Feelings of stress come from any situation in which we feel frustrated, angry or anxious and where there is a fear or a change that will take place. Stress is the result of changes that take place in your body when you are faced with a threat. This is the body's built in survival method also know as Fight or Flight. The subconscious is responsible for our survival and is does this by creating the fight or flight mechanism in us in situations where we feel threatened or when we feel threatened. In situations of fear or change we have to decide if we run away or fight. (Module 5 notes)…
Biological psychology focuses on the neural properties of psychology ranging from the fundamental unit of the brain, the neuron, to the highest levels of cortical organizations in the brain. It takes into account many different biological variations explored on the nature side of the nature vs. nurture debate. Topics that are in the field of biological psychology include neuroscience, neurochemistry, and neurophysiology. The development of brain scanning equipment, such as MRI, allows scientists to look at regions of the brain that become active due to working on certain tasks as well as looking for abnormal regions of the brain that are correlated with abnormal behavior.…
The Biological Perspective The biological perspective emphasizes studying the physical bases of human and animal behavior, including the nervous system, endocrine system, immune system, and genetics. More specifically, neuroscience refers to the study of the nervous system, especially the brain. The Psychodynamic Perspective psychodynamic perspective may or may not follow Freud or take a psychoanalytic approach. However, they do tend to emphasize the importance of unconscious influences, early life experiences, and interpersonal relationships in explaining the underlying dynamics of behavior or in treating people with psychological problems.…
Main findings, publications, and contributions: One of his best known theories, argued that evolutionary change in the fossil record came in fits and starts rather than a steady process of slow change. This theory, known as punctuated equilibrium, was part of Gould's work that brought a forsaken paleontological perspective to the evolutionary mainstream. Popular books by Gould include ''Wonderful Life,'' which examines the evolution of early life as recorded in the fossils of the Burgess Shale, and ''The Mismeasure of Man,'' a rebuttal to what Gould described as pseudoscientific theories used to defend racist ideologies. Enrolled at Antioch College in Ohio, where he received a bachelor's degree in geology in 1963. In 1967, he received a doctorate in paleontology from Columbia University and went on to teach at Harvard, where he would spend the rest of his career.…
When faced with extreme stress and trauma, there is likely to always be a negative…
Stress is simply a reaction to a stimulus that disturbs our physical or mental equilibrium. In other words, it's an omnipresent part of life. body. (psychologytoday.com)…
In Power Failure, Megan Scudellari talks about mitochondrial dysfunction and how it can influence complex diseases. She introduces Douglass Wallace and talks about how he came up with this idea that maybe the mitochondria is linked to certain diseases such as Alzheimer’s and cancers. He was the first person ever to discover that mutations in mtDNA cause disease and from that point on his research began to expand. At first many scientists turned a blind eye to this theory, assuming that it wasn’t true and that complex diseases were nothing but complex, but as the years went on and more and more research had been done many scientists began to actually consider this theory a possibility. As time goes on Wallace’s idea becomes more and more true. They now know that mutation is connected to impaired mitochondrial function and now Wallace has opened The Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine to perform more research on the mitochondria of cells.…
Stress can affect us physically in many ways. When a person is stressed, their body produces more of the so-called “fight or flight” chemicals to get your body ready for an emergency. (5)Your brain tells your adrenal glands to release adrenaline and cortisol. (2)Adrenaline and noradrenaline can raise your blood pressure, increase your heart rate, and also increase the rate at which you do things. (5)Adrenaline and noradrenaline also reduce your blood flow to your skin and reduce your stomach activity. All of these changes help make it easier for your body to fight or run…
The biological perspective is the approach in which links how we think and what we do, to our physical being as a biological organism. There are two basic assumptions which direct us to this perspective; a) the relationship between the mind and body and b) the influence of heredity on behaviour. These two ideas come from two different backgrounds yet relate.…