Biology
Chapter 23 - The Heart
331
The Heart - Key
1 2 3 What is the name of the central region of the thorax? The central region of the thorax is the mediastinum. About how much of the heart is to the left of the mid-sternal line? Two-thirds of the heart is to the left. Where is the location of the apex of the heart? The apex of the heart is located to the left at the fifth intercostal space.
Figure 23.2 11 In reference to Figure 23.2, identify #1 - #3. 3 Epicardium 1 Pericardium 2 Pericardial cavity
Figure 23.1 In reference to Figure 23.1, identify #1 - #5. 1 Mid-sternal line 4 5th rib 2 Sternum 5 Fifth intercostal space 3 Diaphragm COVERINGS OF THE HEART 5 What is the name of the covering of the heart? The heart is covered by the pericardium, or pericardial sac. 6 What is the function of the fibrous layer of the pericardium? The fibrous pericardium functions to protect the heart and to anchor the heart inferiorly to the pericardium and superiorly to the heart’s vessels. 7 What is the name of the inner layer of the pericardium? The inner layer of the pericardium is a serous membrane called the parietal layer of the pericardium. 8 What is the name of the serous membrane on the surface of the heart? The surface of the heart called the visceral layer, or epicardium. 9 What forms the pericardial cavity? The two portions of the serous membrane, the visceral and parietal layers form the pericardial cavity. 10 What is the function of the serous membrane? The serous membrane produces and maintains the serous fluid in the pericardial cavity. 4
Figure 23.3 12 In reference to Figure 23.3, identify #1 - #4. 3 Pericardial cavity 1 Adipose 2 Pericardium 4 Epicardium GROSS ANATOMY OF THE HEART 13 What is the name of the upper chambers of the heart? The two upper chambers are called atria. 14 What is the name of the lower chambers of the heart? The two lower chambers are called ventricles. 15 What divides the right and the left chambers of the heart? A longitudinal
331
The Heart - Key
1 2 3 What is the name of the central region of the thorax? The central region of the thorax is the mediastinum. About how much of the heart is to the left of the mid-sternal line? Two-thirds of the heart is to the left. Where is the location of the apex of the heart? The apex of the heart is located to the left at the fifth intercostal space.
Figure 23.2 11 In reference to Figure 23.2, identify #1 - #3. 3 Epicardium 1 Pericardium 2 Pericardial cavity
Figure 23.1 In reference to Figure 23.1, identify #1 - #5. 1 Mid-sternal line 4 5th rib 2 Sternum 5 Fifth intercostal space 3 Diaphragm COVERINGS OF THE HEART 5 What is the name of the covering of the heart? The heart is covered by the pericardium, or pericardial sac. 6 What is the function of the fibrous layer of the pericardium? The fibrous pericardium functions to protect the heart and to anchor the heart inferiorly to the pericardium and superiorly to the heart’s vessels. 7 What is the name of the inner layer of the pericardium? The inner layer of the pericardium is a serous membrane called the parietal layer of the pericardium. 8 What is the name of the serous membrane on the surface of the heart? The surface of the heart called the visceral layer, or epicardium. 9 What forms the pericardial cavity? The two portions of the serous membrane, the visceral and parietal layers form the pericardial cavity. 10 What is the function of the serous membrane? The serous membrane produces and maintains the serous fluid in the pericardial cavity. 4
Figure 23.3 12 In reference to Figure 23.3, identify #1 - #4. 3 Pericardial cavity 1 Adipose 2 Pericardium 4 Epicardium GROSS ANATOMY OF THE HEART 13 What is the name of the upper chambers of the heart? The two upper chambers are called atria. 14 What is the name of the lower chambers of the heart? The two lower chambers are called ventricles. 15 What divides the right and the left chambers of the heart? A longitudinal