biomedical
40
Recent Patents on Corrosion Science, 2010, 2, 40-54
Open Access
Biomedical Implants: Corrosion and its Prevention - A Review
Geetha Manivasagam*, Durgalakshmi Dhinasekaran and Asokamani Rajamanickam
School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, VIT University, Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract: In the area of materials science, corrosion of biomaterials is of paramount importance as biomaterials are required for the survival of the human beings suffering from acute heart diseases, arthritis, osteoporosis and other joint complications. The present article discusses various issues associated with biological corrosion of different kinds of implants used as cardio stents, orthopedic and dental implants. As the materials used for these implants are manifold starting from metallic materials such as stainless steel (SS), cobalt chromium, titanium and its alloys, bioceramics, composites and polymers are in constant contact with the aggressive body fluid, they often fail and finally fracture due to corrosion. The corrosion behavior of various implants and the role of the surface oxide film and the corrosion products on the failure of implants are discussed. Surface modification of implants, which is considered to be the best solution to combat corrosion and to enhance the life span of the implants and longevity of the human beings is dealt in detail and the recent advances in the coating techniques which make use of the superior properties of nanomaterials that lead to better mechanical properties and improved biocompatibility are also presented.
Keywords: Biomaterials, biocorrosion, stainless steel, cobalt chromium, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, composites, polymer, failures, oxide layer, surface modification, cardio vascular, dental and orthopedics.
INTRODUCTION
The field of biomaterials is of immense importance for the mankind as the very existence and longevity of some of the less fortunate human beings, who even at the
Recent Patents on Corrosion Science, 2010, 2, 40-54
Open Access
Biomedical Implants: Corrosion and its Prevention - A Review
Geetha Manivasagam*, Durgalakshmi Dhinasekaran and Asokamani Rajamanickam
School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, VIT University, Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract: In the area of materials science, corrosion of biomaterials is of paramount importance as biomaterials are required for the survival of the human beings suffering from acute heart diseases, arthritis, osteoporosis and other joint complications. The present article discusses various issues associated with biological corrosion of different kinds of implants used as cardio stents, orthopedic and dental implants. As the materials used for these implants are manifold starting from metallic materials such as stainless steel (SS), cobalt chromium, titanium and its alloys, bioceramics, composites and polymers are in constant contact with the aggressive body fluid, they often fail and finally fracture due to corrosion. The corrosion behavior of various implants and the role of the surface oxide film and the corrosion products on the failure of implants are discussed. Surface modification of implants, which is considered to be the best solution to combat corrosion and to enhance the life span of the implants and longevity of the human beings is dealt in detail and the recent advances in the coating techniques which make use of the superior properties of nanomaterials that lead to better mechanical properties and improved biocompatibility are also presented.
Keywords: Biomaterials, biocorrosion, stainless steel, cobalt chromium, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, composites, polymer, failures, oxide layer, surface modification, cardio vascular, dental and orthopedics.
INTRODUCTION
The field of biomaterials is of immense importance for the mankind as the very existence and longevity of some of the less fortunate human beings, who even at the
References: Fontana MG. Corrosion Engineering. McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math; Sub edition: (November 1, 1985). 2006; vol. 3: pp. 120.