Black Lives Matter Analysis
In this academic article from the University of Chicago Legal Forum, authors Craig B. Futterman, Chaclyn Hunt, and Jamie Kalven offer a unique perspective to the issue of mass incarceration and highlight how police brutality have motivated more youth to join movements like Black Lives Matter. The article focuses on how injustices black people in the United States relating to criminal justice have influenced “young people who insist on remaining visible, on being heard, and on placing issues of police accountability in the larger context of the structural inequalities and exclusion.” This rise in activism within the youth is a result of how the black community is viewed within the criminal justice system. Throughout the article, the authors
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make claims how mass incarceration has promoted institutionalized racism: “when a police officer sees a young Black man on the street, he is far more likely to view him as a potential threat or criminal than a White male in a similar circumstance.” By providing examples of how black people are treated in the United States, authors argue that the disparities within the black community have heavily influence youth movement.
This articles is extremely useful because it focuses directly on how institutionalized racism has contributed to the rise of youth movement like Black Lives Matter. Overall, it highlights how police brutality has played a role in the movement. I can use this source to support my claim that institutionalized racism has largely influenced youth movements. The article uses an overwhelming amount of evidence that justifying my argument and expands on the issue of police brutality and its role in Black Lives Matter. Compared to other sources, this article offers a unique perspective that not only highlights the issues within the criminal justice system, but also magnifies how the disparities present impact the overall movement.
In George Diepenbrock’s academic article, the author focuses on how systemic race and class inequality have driven a rise in protests throughout the United States over the past decade. Diepenbrock is the public affairs officer at the University of Kansas News Service. The author also argues that the disparities mass incarceration have created within marginalized communities have contributed to the rise in protests and social movements. Diepenbrock mentions that Tony Bolden, an associate professor of African American Studies at the University of Kansas, has found that these movements “were responses to instances of more systematic inequality surrounding race and class–such as mass incarceration and the war on drugs–issues that were decades in the making.” The author stresses that these movements are not a result of events that happened overnight, but rather due to a growing issue that has magnified certain problems within marginalized communities. Bolden also highlights that Black Lives Matter’s “inclusivity has inspired many people from various cultural backgrounds and sexual orientations” which reveals why so many have stood in solidarity with the movement and has gained so much ground over recent years. Diepenbrock concludes his article by emphasizing the overall reasoning for these movements which often stress the equal treatment of marginalized communities within the criminal justice system.
For the purpose of connecting mass incarceration and institutionalized racism to the rise of Black Lives Matter, the article prove to be extremely useful.
Diepenbrock makes a similar argument in his academic article and highlights how mass incarceration has influenced youth movements live Black Lives Matter. The article offers evidence I will be able to use in my research project that will contribute to justifying my claim. The most significant strength in this articles is that the author explicitly connects youth movements to the issue of mass incarceration and institutionalized racism. Compared to other sources, the article’s claims are the most closely related to my …show more content…
own.
In Bruce Gross’s peer-reviewed journal, Gross gives a detailed analysis of what mandatory minimums are and how they are detrimental to the criminal justice system. Dr. Gross is a Fellow of the American College of Forensic Examiners and is an Executive Advisory Board member of the American Board of Forensic Examiners. In his journal, he mentions how minimums “were originally designed to reduce disparities in sentences imposed by judges” however, it has been revealed that they “in some cases produce more disparity.” At the start of his article, Dr. Gross mentions that mandatory minimums were introduced in response to the drug crisis in the 1980’s. While miniums were made to minimize disparities within marginalized communities, in reality “sentences targets minorities. In the mid-1980s, the average drug sentence for African-Americans was 11% higher than that for whites; by 1990, that figure had increased to just under 50%.” The author’s focus on how mandatory minimums have contributed to mass incarceration shows an emphasis on how miniums have disproportionately affected marginalized communities in the United States. His argument suggests that minimums have created a larger issue in criminal justice system and as long as they are enforced, the system will remain unbalanced.
This source is an excellent way for me to introduce what mandatory minimums are and their relation to mass incarceration. The author provides useful examples that connect both and will allow me to expand what what minimums are and their role in mass incarceration. By using this source to explain minimums, I will be able to clearly explain how mass incarceration has influenced the youth Black Lives Matter by providing examples of what issues minimums have created in the criminal justice system. While this source does not explicitly connect mass incarceration to Black Lives Matter unlike the other sources I am using, it does provide information that other sources claim to have contributed to the youth movement.
In his peer-reviewed article, Larson highlights how Black Lives Matter’s agenda has shed light on the issue of police brutality and institutionalized racism. Eric Larson is an assistant professor of crime and justice studies at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth and whose work primarily focuses on race, criminalization, and labor in social movements in the Americas. Throughout his article, Larson focuses on the goals of BLM and how it “has highlighted how the same institutions that claim to represent, protect, and serve society—courthouses and schools in addition to police—operate on racial indifference and assumptions that black lives do not matter.” The articles give a detailed explanation on how Black Lives Matter gained so much ground within the youth and what event lead up to its rise. The article also makes claims that the movement is about more than police brutality: “it is about the many ways black lives do not matter to society’s principal institutions, whether the police, the school system, the courthouse, or workplaces.” Larson successfully supports his claim by providing evidence that directly connects Black Lives Matter to issues black people in the criminal justice system and society overall. One of the biggest strengths of this article compared to other sources is that it provides a detailed analysis of the movement and its motivations. I will be able to use this in order to explain how certain institutions in the United States have impacted the youth to rally and join Black Lives Matter’s fight for social justice. Additionally, I will be able to give a significant amount of background on the movement overall and explain how certain event lead up to the movement’s rise in popularity throughout recent years. Compared to other sources, this gives specific evidence that connects how certain events have influenced the youth to join the movement.
In John Pfaff’s peer-reviewed journal The Continued Vitality of Structured Sentencing Following Blakely: The Effectiveness of Voluntary Guidelines, Pfaff expands on the role of minimum sentencing and its effectiveness in the criminal justice system. John Pfaff is a professor of law at Fordham University School of Law where he teaches criminal law, sentencing law, and law and economics. Throughout his journal, he mentions how mandatory minimums have “sought to restrain judicial discretion at sentencing” meaning that they are set out to limit any biases that would create disparities in the sentencing process. Additionally, Pfaff magnifies his point that minimums prove to be a benefit through explaining that most while “judges aspire to sentence uniformly, others consciously account for race or sex, or allow their moods to influence sentencing.” This consideration of race or sex can threaten the justice process and lead to malpractice. He concludes his journal by considering alternatives to minimum sentencing that include an adjusted version of these minimums. This journal is an excellent source that can be used as a counter argument in my research paper. Not only does the author explain the benefits of mandatory minimum sentencing, he also focuses on on alternatives similar to minimums that can further improve them. This sources offers a unique perspective to mandatory minimums in a way it argues that minimums have created more benefits for the criminal justice system and has reduced disparities in the sentencing process. Additionally, this sources provides useful evidence that will contribute to a well written counter argument and refute the claims I have made about mass incarceration.
In Nicole D.
Porter’s academic article, the author discusses the collective impact of justice involvement on communities of color and how recent social movements are challenging the issue of mass incarceration. Nicole D. Porter’s background includes managing The Sentencing Project’s state and local advocacy efforts on sentencing reform, voting rights, and eliminating racial disparities in the criminal justice system. The article stresses that the purpose of the movement is not to ignore or excuse criminal offences, but rather offers a new view of justice and how marginalized communities are disproportionately affected by the criminal justice system. Porter emphasizes that the movement “offers an opportunity to deepen the organizing narrative that will hopefully reverse harsh criminal justice practices and policies and shift public spending to social interventions that reduce law enforcement contact in the first place.” Her argument is centered around how mass incarceration has impacted the youth and how social movement like Black Lives Matter have influenced a push for social justice. Porter continues with her argument highlighting the disparities communities of color face as a result of mass incarceration including the inequities present within these areas and its collective impact on the
youth. Similar to Diepenbrock’s article that connects systemic race and class inequality to social movements, Porter’s argument offers an argument that nearly parallels it. Throughout her article, Porter uses specific examples that provide a direct connection to mass incarceration and the rise of Black Lives Matter. This is an extremely useful resource because the argument in this article is perfectly aligned with the claims I am making about mass incarceration and institutionalized racism. By connecting specific issues in our society that underscore the disparities in marginalized communities, I will be able to clearly justify my claims that these issues have impacted the youth to join social movements like Black Lives Matter.
make claims how mass incarceration has promoted institutionalized racism: “when a police officer sees a young Black man on the street, he is far more likely to view him as a potential threat or criminal than a White male in a similar circumstance.” By providing examples of how black people are treated in the United States, authors argue that the disparities within the black community have heavily influence youth movement.
This articles is extremely useful because it focuses directly on how institutionalized racism has contributed to the rise of youth movement like Black Lives Matter. Overall, it highlights how police brutality has played a role in the movement. I can use this source to support my claim that institutionalized racism has largely influenced youth movements. The article uses an overwhelming amount of evidence that justifying my argument and expands on the issue of police brutality and its role in Black Lives Matter. Compared to other sources, this article offers a unique perspective that not only highlights the issues within the criminal justice system, but also magnifies how the disparities present impact the overall movement.
In George Diepenbrock’s academic article, the author focuses on how systemic race and class inequality have driven a rise in protests throughout the United States over the past decade. Diepenbrock is the public affairs officer at the University of Kansas News Service. The author also argues that the disparities mass incarceration have created within marginalized communities have contributed to the rise in protests and social movements. Diepenbrock mentions that Tony Bolden, an associate professor of African American Studies at the University of Kansas, has found that these movements “were responses to instances of more systematic inequality surrounding race and class–such as mass incarceration and the war on drugs–issues that were decades in the making.” The author stresses that these movements are not a result of events that happened overnight, but rather due to a growing issue that has magnified certain problems within marginalized communities. Bolden also highlights that Black Lives Matter’s “inclusivity has inspired many people from various cultural backgrounds and sexual orientations” which reveals why so many have stood in solidarity with the movement and has gained so much ground over recent years. Diepenbrock concludes his article by emphasizing the overall reasoning for these movements which often stress the equal treatment of marginalized communities within the criminal justice system.
For the purpose of connecting mass incarceration and institutionalized racism to the rise of Black Lives Matter, the article prove to be extremely useful.
Diepenbrock makes a similar argument in his academic article and highlights how mass incarceration has influenced youth movements live Black Lives Matter. The article offers evidence I will be able to use in my research project that will contribute to justifying my claim. The most significant strength in this articles is that the author explicitly connects youth movements to the issue of mass incarceration and institutionalized racism. Compared to other sources, the article’s claims are the most closely related to my …show more content…
own.
In Bruce Gross’s peer-reviewed journal, Gross gives a detailed analysis of what mandatory minimums are and how they are detrimental to the criminal justice system. Dr. Gross is a Fellow of the American College of Forensic Examiners and is an Executive Advisory Board member of the American Board of Forensic Examiners. In his journal, he mentions how minimums “were originally designed to reduce disparities in sentences imposed by judges” however, it has been revealed that they “in some cases produce more disparity.” At the start of his article, Dr. Gross mentions that mandatory minimums were introduced in response to the drug crisis in the 1980’s. While miniums were made to minimize disparities within marginalized communities, in reality “sentences targets minorities. In the mid-1980s, the average drug sentence for African-Americans was 11% higher than that for whites; by 1990, that figure had increased to just under 50%.” The author’s focus on how mandatory minimums have contributed to mass incarceration shows an emphasis on how miniums have disproportionately affected marginalized communities in the United States. His argument suggests that minimums have created a larger issue in criminal justice system and as long as they are enforced, the system will remain unbalanced.
This source is an excellent way for me to introduce what mandatory minimums are and their relation to mass incarceration. The author provides useful examples that connect both and will allow me to expand what what minimums are and their role in mass incarceration. By using this source to explain minimums, I will be able to clearly explain how mass incarceration has influenced the youth Black Lives Matter by providing examples of what issues minimums have created in the criminal justice system. While this source does not explicitly connect mass incarceration to Black Lives Matter unlike the other sources I am using, it does provide information that other sources claim to have contributed to the youth movement.
In his peer-reviewed article, Larson highlights how Black Lives Matter’s agenda has shed light on the issue of police brutality and institutionalized racism. Eric Larson is an assistant professor of crime and justice studies at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth and whose work primarily focuses on race, criminalization, and labor in social movements in the Americas. Throughout his article, Larson focuses on the goals of BLM and how it “has highlighted how the same institutions that claim to represent, protect, and serve society—courthouses and schools in addition to police—operate on racial indifference and assumptions that black lives do not matter.” The articles give a detailed explanation on how Black Lives Matter gained so much ground within the youth and what event lead up to its rise. The article also makes claims that the movement is about more than police brutality: “it is about the many ways black lives do not matter to society’s principal institutions, whether the police, the school system, the courthouse, or workplaces.” Larson successfully supports his claim by providing evidence that directly connects Black Lives Matter to issues black people in the criminal justice system and society overall. One of the biggest strengths of this article compared to other sources is that it provides a detailed analysis of the movement and its motivations. I will be able to use this in order to explain how certain institutions in the United States have impacted the youth to rally and join Black Lives Matter’s fight for social justice. Additionally, I will be able to give a significant amount of background on the movement overall and explain how certain event lead up to the movement’s rise in popularity throughout recent years. Compared to other sources, this gives specific evidence that connects how certain events have influenced the youth to join the movement.
In John Pfaff’s peer-reviewed journal The Continued Vitality of Structured Sentencing Following Blakely: The Effectiveness of Voluntary Guidelines, Pfaff expands on the role of minimum sentencing and its effectiveness in the criminal justice system. John Pfaff is a professor of law at Fordham University School of Law where he teaches criminal law, sentencing law, and law and economics. Throughout his journal, he mentions how mandatory minimums have “sought to restrain judicial discretion at sentencing” meaning that they are set out to limit any biases that would create disparities in the sentencing process. Additionally, Pfaff magnifies his point that minimums prove to be a benefit through explaining that most while “judges aspire to sentence uniformly, others consciously account for race or sex, or allow their moods to influence sentencing.” This consideration of race or sex can threaten the justice process and lead to malpractice. He concludes his journal by considering alternatives to minimum sentencing that include an adjusted version of these minimums. This journal is an excellent source that can be used as a counter argument in my research paper. Not only does the author explain the benefits of mandatory minimum sentencing, he also focuses on on alternatives similar to minimums that can further improve them. This sources offers a unique perspective to mandatory minimums in a way it argues that minimums have created more benefits for the criminal justice system and has reduced disparities in the sentencing process. Additionally, this sources provides useful evidence that will contribute to a well written counter argument and refute the claims I have made about mass incarceration.
In Nicole D.
Porter’s academic article, the author discusses the collective impact of justice involvement on communities of color and how recent social movements are challenging the issue of mass incarceration. Nicole D. Porter’s background includes managing The Sentencing Project’s state and local advocacy efforts on sentencing reform, voting rights, and eliminating racial disparities in the criminal justice system. The article stresses that the purpose of the movement is not to ignore or excuse criminal offences, but rather offers a new view of justice and how marginalized communities are disproportionately affected by the criminal justice system. Porter emphasizes that the movement “offers an opportunity to deepen the organizing narrative that will hopefully reverse harsh criminal justice practices and policies and shift public spending to social interventions that reduce law enforcement contact in the first place.” Her argument is centered around how mass incarceration has impacted the youth and how social movement like Black Lives Matter have influenced a push for social justice. Porter continues with her argument highlighting the disparities communities of color face as a result of mass incarceration including the inequities present within these areas and its collective impact on the
youth. Similar to Diepenbrock’s article that connects systemic race and class inequality to social movements, Porter’s argument offers an argument that nearly parallels it. Throughout her article, Porter uses specific examples that provide a direct connection to mass incarceration and the rise of Black Lives Matter. This is an extremely useful resource because the argument in this article is perfectly aligned with the claims I am making about mass incarceration and institutionalized racism. By connecting specific issues in our society that underscore the disparities in marginalized communities, I will be able to clearly justify my claims that these issues have impacted the youth to join social movements like Black Lives Matter.