Blue No. 5 Dye Analysis
Analysis
1. Examine the structures of the FD&C Red No. 40, Blue No. 1 and Yellow No. 5 dyes. What are the similarities and differences in the structures of the three dyes?
a. Red No. 40, Blue No. 1, Yellow No. 5 contain carbon rings and NaSO3. Additionally, Red No. 40 and Yellow No. 5 are very similar, as they both contain one nitrogen double bond, a hydroxyl group, and no ions. Blue No.1 contains nitrogen and chlorine ions and N(C2H5)CH2.
2. In the Introductory Activity, the developing solvents were 2% sodium chloride aqueous solution and 2% isopropyl alcohol aqueous solution. Draw separate molecular diagrams of how sodium chloride and isopropyl alcohol would interact in water. Identify the types of intermolecular attractions within each …show more content…
Chromatography paper, and paper in general, is very hydrophilic. Paper is made from a natural polymer called cellulose, which is a long chain of glucose molecules. Glucose is a cyclic structure with a number of -OH groups around the ring.
a. Predict and explain the types of IMFs that would occur between paper and water. How do these interactions account for the hydrophilic nature of paper?
i. Hydrogen bonding would occur between the hydroxyl groups of glucose and the water molecules. Since hydrogen bonding is the strongest intermolecular force, the hydrogen bonds between the glucose in cellulose and water would make paper very hydrophilic.
b. Explain the types of intermolecular interactions that would occur between the FD&C Red No.40, Blue No.1 and Yellow No. 5 food dyes and the paper.
i. Red No. 40 and Yellow No. 5 would form hydrogen bonds with the paper. Blue No. 1 has ions instead of a hydroxyl group, so it will form ion-dipole bonds with the paper.
AP Chemistry Review Questions
1. Hydrocarbons are nonpolar compounds containing carbon and hydrogen atoms. The properties of three hydrocarbons are summarized …show more content…
Dyes are organic compounds that can be used to impart bright, permanent colors to fabrics. The affinity of a dye for a fabric depends on the chemical structures of the dye and fabric molecules and also on the interactions between them. Three common fabrics are wool, cotton and nylon. Wool is a protein, a naturally occurring polymer made up of amino acids with ionized side chains. Cotton is a naturally occurring polymer made up of glucose units with hydrophilic groups surrounding each glucose unit. Nylon is a synthetic polymer made of hydrocarbon repeating chains joined together by highly polar amide. (-CONH-) functional
1. Examine the structures of the FD&C Red No. 40, Blue No. 1 and Yellow No. 5 dyes. What are the similarities and differences in the structures of the three dyes?
a. Red No. 40, Blue No. 1, Yellow No. 5 contain carbon rings and NaSO3. Additionally, Red No. 40 and Yellow No. 5 are very similar, as they both contain one nitrogen double bond, a hydroxyl group, and no ions. Blue No.1 contains nitrogen and chlorine ions and N(C2H5)CH2.
2. In the Introductory Activity, the developing solvents were 2% sodium chloride aqueous solution and 2% isopropyl alcohol aqueous solution. Draw separate molecular diagrams of how sodium chloride and isopropyl alcohol would interact in water. Identify the types of intermolecular attractions within each …show more content…
Chromatography paper, and paper in general, is very hydrophilic. Paper is made from a natural polymer called cellulose, which is a long chain of glucose molecules. Glucose is a cyclic structure with a number of -OH groups around the ring.
a. Predict and explain the types of IMFs that would occur between paper and water. How do these interactions account for the hydrophilic nature of paper?
i. Hydrogen bonding would occur between the hydroxyl groups of glucose and the water molecules. Since hydrogen bonding is the strongest intermolecular force, the hydrogen bonds between the glucose in cellulose and water would make paper very hydrophilic.
b. Explain the types of intermolecular interactions that would occur between the FD&C Red No.40, Blue No.1 and Yellow No. 5 food dyes and the paper.
i. Red No. 40 and Yellow No. 5 would form hydrogen bonds with the paper. Blue No. 1 has ions instead of a hydroxyl group, so it will form ion-dipole bonds with the paper.
AP Chemistry Review Questions
1. Hydrocarbons are nonpolar compounds containing carbon and hydrogen atoms. The properties of three hydrocarbons are summarized …show more content…
Dyes are organic compounds that can be used to impart bright, permanent colors to fabrics. The affinity of a dye for a fabric depends on the chemical structures of the dye and fabric molecules and also on the interactions between them. Three common fabrics are wool, cotton and nylon. Wool is a protein, a naturally occurring polymer made up of amino acids with ionized side chains. Cotton is a naturally occurring polymer made up of glucose units with hydrophilic groups surrounding each glucose unit. Nylon is a synthetic polymer made of hydrocarbon repeating chains joined together by highly polar amide. (-CONH-) functional